Autonomics and Lymphatics Flashcards
memorize lympatic drainage
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Thoracic duct? formation?
forms anterior to LV2 from a merging of left and right lumbar trunks
- enters thorax via the aorta hiatus at TV12
fn. of symp efferents?
vasoconstriction, contraction of sphincter muscles, inhibition of glandular secretions
fn. of PS efferents
vasodilation, increased peristalsis, relaxation of sphincter muscles
Aortic plexuses
contain ANS fibers (PS and symp) on the surface of aorta
- plexuses contain:
1. presynaptic PS (vagal) fibers
2. Presynaptic Symp (Splanchnic) fibers
3. Postsynaptic symp fibers
4. Visceral affarent fibers
celiac plexus
viscera of foregut
receives fibers primarily from greater splanchnic
superior mesenteric plexus
viscera of midgut
receives fibers from greater, lesser and least splanchnic nn.
aorticorenal plexus
kidneys, suprarenals, ureters
receives primarily from lesser/least splanchnic nn.
inferior mesenteric plexus
viscera of hindgut
receives from lumbar splanchnic nn.
intermesenteric plexus
courses along aorta between SMA and IMA
superior hypogastric plexus
from IMA to bifurcation - gives rise to hypogastric nn
Vagus n.
- provides PS innervation
- preganglionic cell bodies located in brain stem
- supplies to midgut and foregut
- CN X
Pelvic Splanchnic nn.
S2,3,4
- PS innervation
- preganglionic cell bodies located in S2,3,4
- supply hindgut
6 splanchnic nn?
4 symp in abdomen (greater, lesser least, lumbar) 2 PS (vagus, pelvic splanchnics)
Sympathetic innervation to abdominal viscera?
- preganglionic cell bodies of T5-L2
- nerves enter symp. chain without synapsing
- distribute via 4 plexuses
cord levels of symp. splanchnics?
greater: T5-9
Lesser: T10-11
Least: T12
Lumbar Splanchnic: T11-L2
Greater splanchnic n.
- Symp preganglionic bodies at T5-9
- nerves synapse mostly in celiac ganglia
- innervation of foregut
Lesser Splanchnic n.
- Symp preganglionic bodies at T10-11
- synapse mostly at superior mesenteric ganglia and some aorticorenal
innervate midgut as well as kidney
Least splanchnic n.
symp preganglionic bodies at T12
- synapse at SM ganglion and aorticorenal
- supply midgut and kidney
Lumbar Splanchnics
symp preganglionic bodies at mostly L1,2
- synapse in inferior mesenteric ganglion
- provide for hindgut
Foregut, midgut, hinddgut? PS inneration
foregut: vagus n.
Midgut: Vagus n.
Hindgut: Pelvic Splanchnic n.
Foregut region?
Foregut: T5-9 symp, greater splanchnic, celiac ganglion, vagus n. PS
Midgut region?
Vagus n PS
T8-12 Symp: via greater, lesser, leas
superior mesenteric ganglion
Hindgut region?
Pelvic splanchnic n.
L1-2 Symp: via lumbar splanchnic
inferior mesenteric ganglion
distension? vs. pain?
pain travels with sympathetic nn. back to thoracic/upper lumbar spinal cord
- distension travels with PS nerves back to brainstem of sacral spinal cord
Esophagus
Symp: T5-9 via greater splanchnic. celiac plexus. affarent acute pain felt substernally at T6
PS: vagus n.
Stomach
Symp: T5-9 via greater splanchnic: celiac ganglia, acute pain felt T6-9
PS: vagus n.
Small Intestine
Symp: T8-10 via greater and lesser splanchnic nn.
celiac and superior mesenteric ganglia
acute pain in T8-10
PS: via vagus nerve
Cecum, Appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon
Symp: T10-12: lesser and least splanchnic: via superior mesenteric plexus
- acute pain from appendix referred to region of umbilicus
PS: via vagus n.
Descending and sigmoid colon
Symp: L1-2: lumbar splanchnic nn. via inferior mesenteric plexus
PS: pelvic splanchnic nn. from S2-4
Rectum and canal superior to pectinate line
Symp: L1-2 via lumbar and sacral splanchnic nn. via inferior mesenteric plexus
PS: pelvic splanchnic nn. from S2-4
Anal canal inferior to pectinate line
innervatd by inferior rectal n. (somatic innervation)
Spleen
Symp: T6-8 via greater splanchnic n. via celiac ganglia
PS: vagus n.
Pancreas
Pancreas is primraily hormonally controlled; however does receive autonomic fibers which distribute via celiac plexus and superior mesenteric plexus
Pain referred to area above umbilical, and to mid back region, below scapula
Symp: T6-9 via greater splanchnic: via celiac trunk and superior mesenteric a.
PS: Vagus n.
Pain due to problems with biliary release
RUQ and right shoulder
Liver
Symp: T6-9 via greater splanchnic
cell bodies in celiac ganglia
PS: vagus
Gallbladder and cystic duct
Symp: T5-9, greater splanchnic n. via celiac
PS: vagus n.
Kidney
Symp: T10-L1: via lesser, least, and lumbar splanchnic n.
postganglionic cell bodies locate in aorticorenal and renal ganglia, via renal plexus
PS: vagus
suprarenal gland
Symp: T8-L1: via greater, lesser, least, lumbar
Postganglionic bodies located in medulla of suprarenal gland
Efferent: vasomotor; liberate NE/Epi
PS: vagus n.
