Autonomics

Question 1

In sympathetic, pre or post, which one is longer?

Answer 1

• pre is short (T1-L2)

- post is long (synapse in chain)

Question 2

In parasympathetic, pre or post, which is long?

Answer 2

Pre is long (brainstem or sacral spinal cord)

Post is short(in ganglion near target organ)

Question 3

What are the five ocular structures innervates by autonomincs?

Answer 3

• iris muscles
• ciliary muscle
• mullers muscle
• choroidal and conjunctival blood vessels
• lacrimal gland

Question 4

For ocular structures, what sympathetic and what para do we care about?

Answer 4

Sym-T1-T3

Para-CN 3, CN 7

Question 5

What does the sympathetic system supply?

Answer 5

• iris dilator
• ciliary muscles
• smooth muscle of lid
• lacrimal gland
• choroidal and conjunctival blood

Question 6

What does the parasympathetic supply?

Answer 6

• iris sphincter
• ciliary muscle
• lacrimal gland
• blood vessels

Question 7

What ganglion does the sympathetic system synapse in?

Answer 7

-superior cervical ganglion

Question 8

Describe the sympathetic pathway involving V1

Answer 8

• travel with V1 out of the cavernous sinus
• follow nasociliary nerve
• travel with long ciliary nerves and innervate dilator muscle and ciliary muscle

Question 9

Describe the sympathetic pathway involving the ciliary ganglion

Answer 9

• fibers follow nasociliary nerve then go to ciliary ganglion and emerge as the sympathetic root
• DO NOT SYNAPSE
• turn into short ciliary nerves and innervate choroidal blood vessels

Question 10

Describe the sym pathway involving oculomotor nerve

Answer 10

• travel with oculomotor nerve and innervate smooth muscle of upper eye lid (mullers)
• they follow the same path as the superior division of the oculomotor nerve

Question 11

Describe what they sym does to the things it innervates

Answer 11

• pupil:dilates
• vessels: vasoconstriction
• widens palpebral fissure
• inhibit ciliary muscle

Question 12

Where is the preganglionic neuron of the parasympathetic system is located where?

Answer 12

-in accessory third nerve nucleus (edinger-westphal nucleus)

Question 13

The parasympathetic preganglionic fibers travel with what to synapse in what ganglion?

Answer 13

-travel with inferior division of oculomotor to enter the ciliary ganglion

Question 14

Where is the ciliary ganglion?

Answer 14

-within the muscle cone, between the lateral rectus muscle and the optic nerve

Question 15

What are the roots on the posterior edge of the ciliary ganglion? Which ones synapse?

Answer 15

1. parasympatheric root -SYNAPSE
2. Sensory root (joins nasociliary nerve)
3. Sympathetic root (for vessels)

Question 16

How do the postganglionic para fibers travel when they leave the ciliary ganglion? What do they innervate?

Answer 16

• myelinated
• exit ganglion in short ciliary nerves
• innervate iris sphincter and ciliary muscles (mostly these)

Question 17

What does the para do to the iris?

Answer 17

• causes constriction and reduces aberrations

- constrict ciliary muscle and encourage accommodation

Question 18

What is hippus?

Answer 18

-size of pupil constantly changes to reflect autonomic balance

Question 19

Please just go draw the autonomics of the lacrimal gland

Answer 19

Ugh

Question 20

Which system increases lacrimal gland secretion?

Answer 20

Parasympathetic increases secretion, sympathetic decreases secretion

Question 21

Irritation of any branch of the trigeminal nerve activate what?

Answer 21

-reflex afferent pathway and increases lacrimation

Question 22

Corneal touch initiates the three part corneal reflex. Name it

Answer 22

1. Lacrimation
2. miosis
3. protective blink