autonomic physiology 1

Question 1

how is the autonomic nervous system divided?

Answer 1

1- sympathetic-fight/flight response
2-parasympathetic- rest and digest
3-enteric

Question 2

how is the autonomic nervous system different to the somatic nervous system?

Answer 2

1- receptors more spread out
2- Junction less specialised
3-pre-ganglion (myelinated-white rams) and post-ganglion (unmyelinated-grey ramus)
4-can excite or inhibit
5- Autonomic has metabotropic receptors ( ion transport through G-transport mechanism) not ionotropic

Question 3

sympathetic

Answer 3

1. ganglions leave spinal cord:
   - 2 in thoracic
   - 2 in lumbar
2. preganglion releases Act onto nicotinic cholinergic receptors
3. postganglion releases NA onto alpha/beta adrenergic receptors
4. ganglions lie close to spinal cord-paravetebral
5. ganglions lie collaterally- prevetebral
6. post-ganglion of adrenal medulla has no axon- releases NA into the blood
7. produces co-ordinate effects
8. Post-ganglion is longer.

Question 4

parasympathetic

Answer 4

1. leaves the spinal cord:
   - 4 in cranial
   - 2 in sacral
2. long pre-ganglions, short post-ganglions
3. pre-ganglions release Ach onto nicotinic cholinergic receptors
4. post-ganglions release Ach onto muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
5. produces independent effects
6. ganglion is on/close to target.