autonomic + NMJ

Question 1

How to inhibit/ increase activity of synapse in NMJ

Answer 1

ACT ON NICOTINIC-CHOLINERGIC-IONOTROPIC RECEPTORS

inhibit:
- inhibit choline transporter (hemicholine)
- prevent ach vesicle form fusing to pre-synaptic cleft ( botulinum)
- use a competitive antagonist- can be depolarising (succinylcholine) or non-depolarising (d-tubuline)
- prevent ca 2+ channels from opening ( black widow venom)

increase:
- ensure Ach stays in synaptic cleft for longer
- increase release of Ca2+ into pre-synaptic ganglion.

Question 2

how to inhibit/increase activity in parasympathetic post-ganglion

Answer 2

ACT ON MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR
inhibit: 
-use antagonist
stimulate:
-use agonist. 
Tend to work on all parasympathetic receptors unless released directly onto site

Question 3

how to inhibit/increase activity in sympathetic post-ganglionic

Answer 3

ACT ON ADRENERGIC ALPHA/BETA RECEPTORS

inhibit:
- Block NA transporter- prevents NA vesicles
- activate pre-synaptic auto receptors which prevent release of NA
- interrupt enzyme pathway in formation of NA
- release an antagonist- block alpha-beta receptors

stimulate:
- ensure NA stays in synaptic cleft for longer
- release of more Ca 2+ which increases release of NA
- introduce an agonist.

Question 4

how to inhibit pre-ganglion in sympathetic and parasympathetic?

Answer 4

basically the same as NMJ.

- Depolarising nicotinic receptors.