Autonomic pharmacology

Question 1

Parasympathetic =

Answer 1

cholinergic

Question 2

Sympathetic =

Answer 2

adrenergic

Question 3

-is the predominance of one division over the other is called ??

Answer 3

state of tomus

Question 4

Sympathetic tone maintains ??

Answer 4

systemic blood pressure

Question 5

Parasympathetic tone maintains ??

Answer 5

gut motility

Question 6

is the major neurotransmitter at the postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic division.

Answer 6

Norepinephrine

Question 7

Postganglionic fibers are called ??

Answer 7

adrenergic fibers.

Question 8

Norepinephrine is also called ???

Answer 8

noradrenaline.

Question 9

is the transmitter released at the peripheral motor portions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 9

Acetylcholine

Question 10

2 cholinergic receptors:

Answer 10

1. Muscarinic receptors
2. Nicotinic effects

Question 11

include effects of acetylcholine on the?

Answer 11

1. glands
2. smooth muscle
3. cardiac muscle

Question 12

in glands acetylcholine does?

Answer 12

increased secretions

Question 13

in smooth muscle acetylcholine does?

Answer 13

enhance contraction

Question 14

in cardiac muscle acetylcholine doees?

Answer 14

depressed activity

Question 15

Nicotinic effects include the action of acetylcholine of the:

Answer 15

1. parasympathetic
2. sympathetic ganglia
3. neuroeffector junctions

Question 16

this increased skeletal muscle concentration

Answer 16

neuroeffector junctions

Question 17

– a poisonous substance in certain species of mushrooms

Answer 17

muscarine

Question 18

-a substance derived from tobacco.

Answer 18

nicotine

Question 19

Cholinergic drugs are also called?

Answer 19

parasympathomimetics or cholinomimetics.

Question 20

ganglion blockers example:

Answer 20

Hexamethonium

Question 21

Acetylcholine synthesis inhibitor example:

Answer 21

Hemicholinium

Question 22

Anticholinergics are also called?

Answer 22

parasympatholytics

Question 23

– stimulates both alpha and beta receptors

Answer 23

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 24

-mainly an alpha stimulant

Answer 24

Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Question 25

-an alpha stimulant

Answer 25

Phenylephrine

Question 26

– beta stimulant

Answer 26

Isoproterenol

Question 27

vasocondtriction prolongs effect of local anesthetic

Answer 27

Adjunct to local anesthesia

Question 28

epistaxis in horses

Answer 28

Hemostatic

Question 29

expansion of the lumina of the passages of the lungs.

Answer 29

Bronchodilator

Question 30

this _______are still best for shock

Answer 30

corticosteroids

Question 31

is the drug of choice to relieve the symptoms of an acute hypersensitivity reaction to allergens.

Answer 31

Epinephrine

Question 32

rapidly relieves itching and urticaria, may save the life of the patient when laryngeal edema threatens suffocation.

Answer 32

Subcutaneous administration

Question 33

is responsive to antihistamines, but epinephrine is necessary in the event of a severe reaction

Answer 33

Angioedema

Question 34

secretes epinephrine in response to administration of nicotine.

Answer 34

Adrenal medulla

Question 35

_______ in the mammalian body is located within the CNS, especially in the pineal gland and hypothalamus.

Answer 35

2% of the total serotonin

Question 36

of the intestine contain about 90% of this endogenously produced amine chemically known as ***5- hydroxytryptamine*** (5-HT) in serum and in the enterochromaffin cells resulted in the naming of the amine as serotonin and enteramine.

Answer 36

Enterochromaffin cells

Question 37

exert several metabolic effects, including hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.

Answer 37

Catecholamines

Question 38

is caused by inhibition of glucose synthase, which uses glucose to make glycogen, and by stimulation of glycogen phosphorylase, which converts glycogen back to glucose

Answer 38

Hyperglycemia

Question 39

are irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors.

Answer 39

Organophosphates (OP)

Question 40

the most important antidote to the effects of OP is?

Answer 40

Atrophine

Question 41

is clinically useful only during the early stages of poisoning.

Answer 41

Pralidoxime (2-PAM)

Question 42

should not be given to animals poisoned with OP

Answer 42

1. Phenothiazine tranquilizers 2. opiates

Question 43

animals that are especially resistant to the effects of atropine because of the presence of a high concentration of atropinase.

Answer 43

Goats & rabbits

Question 44

in autonomic nervous system, the fibers are called?

Answer 44

cholinergic fibers

Question 45

Drugs in autonomic nervous system

Answer 45

zoletil

Question 45

a sterile glass or plastic test tube with a colored rubber stopper creating a vacuum seal inside of the tube, facilitating the drawing of a predetermined volume of liquid.

Answer 45

vacutainers

Question 45

proper term for anesthesia?

Answer 45

anesthetic drugs

Question 46

2 drugs before zolitel?

Answer 46

1. ketamine 2. Etomidate

Question 47

common anesthetic

Answer 47

Cyclazine

Question 48

common local anesthetic for specific organ (castration & bunot sa teeth)

Answer 48

lydocaine