Autonomic Pharm

Question 1

Cholinergic focuses on the ____ NT. Includes: ______, _____, and ____

Answer 1

ACh

CNS, autonomic ns, and NMJ

Question 2

action potential causes an influx of Ca2+, release of ACh is blocked by _______ and _____ causes an “invol” release

Answer 2

botulinum toxin

spider venom=release

Question 3

ACh binds ____ and ______ receptors

Answer 3

muscarinic and nicotinic

Question 4

nicotinic receptors are found _____ and ______

Answer 4

somatic motor endplates and autonomic ganglia

Question 5

what are the 3 binding sites/areas for ACh to bind

Answer 5

pregang synapse of symp and parasymp (Nm, M1-3), parasymp post gang, and all somatic motor endplates (NM)

Question 6

M2 causes ____ heart rate

Answer 6

dec heart rate

Question 7

ACh causes _______ of the vascular beds. Via the M_ receptor

Answer 7

vasodilation

M3

Question 8

ACh causes _____ in cardiac rate, this is aka chronotropic

Answer 8

decrease

negative chronotropic

Question 9

ACh causes ____ in rate of conduction

Answer 9

decrease

Question 10

ACh causes _____ in force of contraction

Answer 10

decrease

Question 11

In the GI/Urinary syst ACh causes _____ in contractions/motility

Answer 11

increase

Question 12

ACh causes the stimulation of _________ of all glands parasympathetically

Answer 12

secretion inc

Question 13

ACh in the lungs causes ___________ and ___________

Answer 13

inc secretion

and bronchoconstriction

Question 14

ACh in the eye causes

Answer 14

miosis(pupil contracts) “mice eyes”

Question 15

carbachol and bethanechol have a longer action because

Answer 15

not very susceptible to AChE

Question 16

carbachol, methacholine, bethanechol, and pilocarpine all act on the __________ receptors

Answer 16

M1, M2, and M3

Question 17

Cevimeline binds to _________ receptors causing ______

Answer 17

muscarinic (ACh)

causes inc secretion of exocrine glands (used for xerostomia in sjogrens)

Question 18

muscarine acts almost exclusively at _______ receptors with no _______ action

Answer 18

acts at muscarinic

no nicotinic action

Question 19

Pilocarpine has a dom ______ action but causes anomolous effects on _____ and _____

Answer 19

muscarinic

anomolous CV and sweat gland efx

Question 20

________ is an antimuscarinic/ ACh antidote

Answer 20

Atropine

Question 21

what are the 3 contraindications for choline esters(ACh and Bethanechol)

Answer 21

asthma, hyperthyroid, coronary insuff

Question 22

what are the 6 irreversible indirect acting AChE inhibitors (cholinomimetics)

Answer 22

echothiophate(for open angle glaucoma-crosses BBB)
Tabun
sarin
soman
parathion
malathion

Question 23

Isoflurophate is a _______ used to treat _____

Answer 23

indirect acting AChE inhibitors (cholinomimetic); used to treat open angle glaucoma

Question 24

What is DUMBBELSS for?

Answer 24

effects of excessive ACh at the muscarinic receptor

Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchoconst/Bradycardia, Excitation, Lacrimation, Salivation/sweating

Question 25

What happens when you have excessive ACh at the nicotinic receptor?

Answer 25

``` M: Mydriasis, musc twitch T: tachycardia W: weakness tH: HTN, hyperglycemia F: fasciulations ```

Question 26

what 2 drugs would you use to treat Sarin or soman (chem warfare) - - how do they work?

Answer 26

Atropine(antimusc) | Pralidoxime (cholinesterase reactivator)

Question 27

what is Methylscopolamine? indications?

Answer 27

antimusc/anticholinergic drug; for anti-ulcer

Question 28

anticholinergic is the same as _______

Answer 28

antimuscarinic

Question 29

Antimuscarinic drug toxicity sfx are the same as what drug?

Answer 29

atropine (don't foget this includes Alt mental status)

Question 30

nicotinic response causes _____ or _____

Answer 30

musc depol or secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla

Question 31

PTMA is

Answer 31

a nicotinic NMJ agonist (MTWtHF)

Question 32

DMPP works...

Answer 32

at the nicotinic ganglion

Question 33

the only nicotinic agonist drug is

Answer 33

nicotine

Question 34

________ and _________ are competative antagonists against ACh at ganglionic nicotinic receptor

Answer 34

Trimethphan Mecamylamine (not used because severe AR, maybe used in eye)

Question 35

_________, ______, and _______ are destroyed the fastest because they are eliminated by hydrolysis

Answer 35

Ata-, cistra-, and mivacurium

Question 36

____________ has the longest DOA and is "Depolarizing"=noncompetative, resistant to AChE

Answer 36

Succinylcholine

Question 37

_____________ can cause malignant hypothermia in those with the auto dom mutation

Answer 37

Succinylcholine