autonomic pharm

Question 1

major metabolite of nicotine

Answer 1

cotinine

Question 2

Varenicline

Answer 2

partial agonist of neural nicotinic receptor; used to block nicotine dependence

Question 3

mivacurium, pancuronium, and vecuronium belong to what group of antagonists?

Answer 3

nicotinic receptor antagonists. used as neuromuscular blockers

Question 4

acetylcholinesterase

Answer 4

enzymatically degrades acetylcholine at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

Question 5

why are nerve gas, pesticieds, and malathione toxic

Answer 5

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Question 6

Neostigmine

Answer 6

reverse neuromuscular blockers (vecuronium, pancuronium) and treats myasthenia gravis

Question 7

Pyridostigmine

Answer 7

treatment of myasthenia gravis (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

Question 8

Donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmin have what effect

Answer 8

Alzheimer’s disease; AChE inhibitors

Question 9

Pralidoxime (2-PAM)

Answer 9

prevents irreversible binding to AChE

Question 10

important muscarinic agonist

Answer 10

Bethanechol - treatment of urinary retention

Question 11

Treatment of glaucoma

Answer 11

Constrict pupils using muscarinic agonists (bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine)

Question 12

prototype muscarinic antagonist

Answer 12

Atropine (belladonna) tertiary amine that reaches CNS

Question 13

Common drug with muscarinic antagonist properties

Answer 13

diphenhydramine

Question 14

Atropine

Answer 14

Muscarinic antagonist - dry, red, hot, blind, mad - treats severe bradycardia, AChE poisoning

Question 15

Scopolamine

Answer 15

Treats motion sickness - muscarinic antagonist

Question 16

Glycopyrrolate

Answer 16

Dry secretions - Muscarinic antagonist

Question 17

Benztropine

Answer 17

treat parkinsonism - muscarinic antagonist

Question 18

which muscarinic antagonist crosses the BBB?

Answer 18

Atropine

Question 19

Which muscarinic antagonist treasts motion sickness?

Answer 19

scopolamine

Question 20

Tropicamide

Answer 20

Opthamology eye dilator - muscarinic antagonist

Question 21

Ipratropium and tiotropium

Answer 21

Treat asthma and COPD

Question 22

what is a muscarinic antagonist that dilates the eye?

Answer 22

Tropicamide - Atropine does but not always used

Question 23

Muscarinic antagonists that treat bladder spasms and urinary incontinence

Answer 23

Tolerodine, solifenacin

Question 24

Antimuscarinic placed in inhalers with albuterol

Answer 24

Ipratropium

Question 25

antimuscarinic used to treat COPD that is in special inhilaiton devices as capsules

Answer 25

tiotropium

Question 26

what does tolterodine, oxybutynin and solifenacin have in common?

Answer 26

all used to treat incontinence and overactive bladder.

Question 27

Common drugs with antimuscarinic properties

Answer 27

diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and amitriptyline (antidepressants)

Question 28

why are antimuscarinic agents life threatening and how do you treat it?

Answer 28

Cardiac effects, AChE inhibitors

Question 29

alpha1 adrenergic receptor

Answer 29

IP3, DAG, Ca2+ increase. smooth muscle contraction (vessels)

Question 30

Alpha2 adrenergic receptor

Answer 30

inhibit adenylyl cyclase. decrease calcium and less norepinephrine release

Question 31

B1 2 and 3 adrenergic receptor properties

Answer 31

all activate adenylyl cyclase and cAMP.

Question 32

B1 receptor (adrenergic)

Answer 32

expressed in the heart

Question 33

B2 adrenergic receptor

Answer 33

dilate smooth muscle. vasodilation, bronchodilation, uterine relaxation

Question 34

B3

Answer 34

lipolysis of adipose and relaxation of bladder

Question 35

alpha 1 adrenergic receptor activation causes....

Answer 35

mydriasis, vasoconstriction, bladder sphincter constriction and trigone, contraction of prostate smooth muscle.

Question 36

phenylephrine

Answer 36

alpha 1 adrenergic receptor agonist. treats nasal congestion, raise blood pressure in acute settings.

Question 37

alpha 2 agonist. used to treat hypertension by reducing norepinephrine release. Causes rebound hypertension

Answer 37

Clonidine

Question 38

specific alpha 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist. used to treat hypertension

Answer 38

Prazosin

Question 39

specific alpha1 antagonis used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy

Answer 39

Terazosin

Question 40

alpha adrenergic NONSPECIFIC antagonists

Answer 40

Phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine. used in treatmen of pheochromocytoma.