Atherosclerosis

Question 1

nonmodifiable risk factors

Answer 1

increasing age, male gender, family history, Genetic abnormalities

Question 2

Modifiable risk factors

Answer 2

Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Diabetes, Smoking

Question 3

Where does atherosclerosis occur?

Answer 3

Intimal layer of medium and large (>2mm) arteries

Question 4

3 kinds of arteriosclerosis

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis, Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis, arteriolosclerosis

Question 5

4 stages of Atherosclerotic plaque development

Answer 5

Endothelial dysfunction, Fatty streak formation, Plaque growth and maturation, Unstable fibrous plaque

Question 6

Most important risk factor for atherosclerosis?

Answer 6

Hyperlipidemia

Question 7

Major factors contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation

Answer 7

reduction of shear stress, oxidation of lipoproteins and monocyte derived macrophage recruitment, chronic inflammation of macro. and t lymph with platlets make PDGF and increase smooth musc. prolif. and and migration. Neovascularization and apoptosis (eventual rupture

Question 8

Pathogenesis is based off of

Answer 8

response to injury hypothesis (chronic inflammation caused by endothelial injury and sustained by lipoproteins, macrophages, T lymph, and smooth muscle)

Question 9

major sites of atherosclerosis

Answer 9

Aorta, coronary arteries, carotids, basilar

Question 10

Main sites for aneurysm

Answer 10

abdominal aorta, branch points of mesenteric, renal, and iliac arteries.