Autonomic NS Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Autonomic and somatic nervous system
Is the autonomic NS automatic or voluntary?
Automatic
Where on the spinal cord do parasympathetic fibers leave from?
The brain and sacral region
Where on the spinal cord do sympathetic fibers leave from?
The thoracic and lumbar regions
Are the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems normally one or two neuron systems?
Two neuron systems
How does the speed of action potential vary between somatic and autonomic nerves?
Autonomic is slightly slower to due lightly myelinated or unmyelinated nerves
What type of neurons does the somatic nervous system use?
Cholinergic
What neurotransmitter do somatic nerves use? What receptor?
ACh and nicotinic type 1 receptors
What type of nerve fibers does the parasympathetic nervous system use?
Cholinergic
What neurotransmitter does the preganglionic nerve release in the parasympathetic nervous system? What receptor is used?
Preganglionic releases ACh which binds to nicotinic type 2 receptors
What neurotransmitter does the post ganglionic nerve release in the parasympathetic nervous system? What receptor?
Post ganglionic releases ACh and is binds with muscarinic receptors that are in the target organ
What type of nerve fibers are the preganglionic nerves in the sympathetic nervous system?
Cholinergic
What do the preganglionic nerves in the sympathetic nervous system release? What receptor do they bind with?
Releases ACh and it binds with nicotinic type 2 receptors
What type of nerve fibers are the post ganglionic nerves in the sympathetic nervous system?
MOST are adrenergic, but some are still cholinergic (sweat glands)
What type of receptors does the NE from the adrenergic post ganglionic nerves from the sympathetic nerves interact with?
Alpha and beta receptors that are adrenergic in nature (several different classes)
What type of receptor does the ACh from the cholinergic postganglionic nerves from the sympathetic nervous system interact with?
Muscarinic
What is NE synthesized from?
Tyrosine which is converted to DOPA which is converted to dopamine, which is eventually converted into NE
How is NE removed from the synapse?
Re-uptake through an active pump mechanism NET or by Diffusion
What happens to NE after re-uptake?
It is metabolized by MAO and COMT
What inhibits re-uptake of NE?
Cocaine and tricyclic antidepressants
What are reciprocal effects?
When one system inhibits while another system stimulates activity of the target organ
What are cooperative effects?
Effects that promote the same goal
Ex) salivary gland secretion and male sexual response
Sweat glands are only innervation by ** nerves.
Sympathetic cholinergic
Hair follicles, brown adipose tissue, and the kidneys are only innervated by ***** nerves.
Sympathetic adrenergic
