autonomic nervous system Flashcards
autonomic pregangilionic neurons are
myelinated
post ganglionic neurons in autonomic system are
unmyelinated
SNS innervagion is from
T1-L2: thoracolumbar cell bodies
parasympathetic innervation is
craniosacral: cranial nerve nuclei and sacral region of the spinal cord
no PNS trunk instead—
its ganglia all exist in the periphery, close to the organs they innervate
PNS does not go to
uterus, cardiac muscle, uterus, sweat glands and goosebumps skeletal muscle and only a few BV
sympathetic preganglionic fibers
NT: acetylcholine
receptor: cholinergic
sympathetic postganglionic
NT: norepinephrine
Receptor: adrenergic
parasympatethic pre and post ganglionic
NT: acetylcholine
receptor: adrenergic
___ is a modified sympathetic ganglion
adrenal medulla
hit by ACH pumps out E, NE into blood
a-adrenergic receptors
a1: excitiation : squeeze things, BV, urethral sphincter
a2: relaxation/ inhibition
b-adrenergic receptors
B1: increase HR and contracitility, renin release
B2: facilitates all the rest: relaxes muscles of bronchi and bladder
B3: mediates lipolysis and thermogeneisi
nicotinic receptors
PNS
all ACH receptors on postganglionic cells are nicotinic
all at NMJ
muscarinic locations
cardiac, exocrine glands, CNS, GI and smooth muscle
MSG is a ___ dz
nicotinic receptor dz
how treat MSG?
neostigmine: ACHE inhibitor
steroids
plasmaphoresis
most common location for primary spinal cord injury
C1-L2
primary spinal injury
crush, torsion, severing
Secondary spinal cord injury
swelling, delayed tissue destruction
spinal cord swelling in __ region = life threatening
cervical spinal region
spinal shock
complete loss of reflex function, flaccid paralysis, sensory deficit and loss of bladder and rectal control in all segments below the level of the lesion
complications of spinal shock
poor venous circulation
excitotoxicity
when damage to CNS release glutamate and aspartate which leads to cellular damage - depends on many factors
neurogenic shock
due to loss of sympathetic outflow - presynaptic neurons cannot get to SNS truknk
occurs with cervical or upper thoracic spinal cord injury
autonomic dysfunction
occurs with lesions above T7
sudden massive reflex SNS discharge with no opposing PSNS
sx seen with autonomic dysfucntion
HTN up to 300 mg
brady cardia
pounding HA, blurred vision, sweating above the lesion with flushing of the skin, piloerection
