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Neuro > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Organophosphate

A

long acting indirect cholinergic agonist

well absorbed and lipid soluble, CNS distribution

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2
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Blood pressure

A

M3

minimal effect

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3
Q

Short acting Indirect Cholinergic agonists

A

Edrophonium

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4
Q

Female Genetalia

A

B2

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5
Q

Beta blocker uses

A

Angina pectoris, MI (metoprolol, cavedilol), SVT, HTN, HF, Glaucome

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6
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Lung

A

M3

Bronchodilation, decreased lung secretions

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7
Q

GI receptors

A

Beta 2, Alpha 1, M

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8
Q

Receptors @ Blood Vessels - Adrenergic

A

Alpha 1 and Beta 2

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9
Q

Pilocarpine

A

alkaloid
Cholinergic agonist
Lipid soluble with good CNS distribution
NOT degraded by AChE

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10
Q

Mirabgron

A

B3 agonst selective

Used for OAB

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11
Q

Choline Ester -

A

Direct Cholinergic Agonist

Poor lipid solubility and CNS distribution

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12
Q

Bethanechol

A

synthetic ACh - choline ester
Cholinergic agonist
Selective to M and resistant to AChE
Poor lipid solubility and distribution into CNS

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13
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Thermoregulation

A

M3

Stop sweating to increase body temperature

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14
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Thermoregulation

A

NONE!

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15
Q

Dopamine

A

D1 selective

Bradycardia, HR, shock, inotropic and chronotropic alpha effects

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16
Q

Receptors @ GU - Cholinergic

A

M3

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17
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ GI

A

NONE

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18
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ CNS

A

M1

Memory, Cognition, movement

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19
Q

alpha 2 antagonist side effects

A

dry mouth, drowsiness, sympathetic overactivity

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20
Q

Selectivity for Epinephrine

A

Alpha 1 ,2, Beta 1 ,2 ,

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21
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ GI

A

M3

Increase motility, increase salivation

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22
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ GU

A

B2-3: detrusor relax
alpha 1: close urethral sphincter
Beta 2: uterine relaxation

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23
Q

Eye Receptors

A

Alpha 1

M

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24
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Eye

A

Beta 1-2

decreased aqueous humor production

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25
Q

Types of Direct Muscarinic agonists

A

Choline esters and Alkaloid

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26
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ CNS

A

Alpha 1 - increased vigilance and focus

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27
Q

Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists

A

Proarrhythmic
precipitate angina, MI
Hypertension, with reflex bradycardia
Cerebral and pulmonary hemorrhage
Hypotension if unopposed by alpha (for Beta 2)
Insomnia, anxiety, restlessness, paranoia

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28
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Blood Pressure

A

M3

to decrease Blood Pressure

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29
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Heart

A

Beta 1

decreased heart rate and contractility

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30
Q

Physostigmine

A

Reversbile, intermediate acting cholinergic agonist

Well absorbed, CNS distribution

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31
Q

Receptors @ CNS - Cholinergic

A

M1

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32
Q

Phenozybenzamine

A 
Irreverisble alpha (nonselective) antagonist. 
Used preoperatively to prevent catecholamine hypertensive crisis.
SE of orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachy
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33
Q

Receptors @ Blood Vessels - Cholinergic

A

M3 - not innervated by PNS though..

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34
Q

Use of Bathenochol

A

Urinary Retention and Paralytic Ileus

Bethany - call me to activate you bowels and bladder

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35
Q

Isoproterenol

A

B1 and B2 selective agonists

EEG of tachyarrhythmias

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36
Q

Sid effects for Adrenergic Antagonists

A

Bradycardia and heart block
Decreased perfusion due to B2 vasoconstriction
Sedation va alpha 2 agonist to decrase BP (Via central effect)
Bronchospasm
Dry mouth due to Alpha 2 agonist
Depressed mood
Sleep disturbances

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37
Q

Alpha 1 block side effects

A

less reflex tachy, but postural hypotension

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38
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Muscarinic Block
Tertiary amine
GU - reduces bladder spasms and overactive bladder

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39
Q

Receptors @ CNS - Adrenergic

A

Alpha 1

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40
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha 1 selective agonist

used for hypotension, ocular procedures, rhinitis

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41
Q

Uses of Adrenergic Agonists

A 
Cardiogenic Shock
Hyoptensive Shock
Nasal Decongestant
Eye exam Myadriasis
Overactive Bladder
Premature Labor
ADHD
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42
Q

Prazosin

A

Alpha 1 selective antagonist
Reversible
used: BPH, PTSD, HTN
SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache

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43
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Blood Vessels

A

M3

no effect - no basal muscarinic tone to antagonize

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44
Q

Side effects of Cholinergic Agonists

A

Hypotension (blood pressure), Bronchoconstriction and increased secretions (lungs), Diarrhea (GI)

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45
Q

Beta 1 block side effects

A

decreased contractility precipitates CHF

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46
Q

NE vs Isoproternol

A

NE: increases systolic and diastolic pressures (due to Alpha1 vasoconstriction) –> increase MAP–> reflex bradycardia.
Iso: little alpha effect, but causes B2 vasodilation –> dec MAP –> increase HR

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47
Q

Side Effects of cholinergic antagonists

A 
Tachycardia, increased body temp (thermoregulation)
Drying of lungs
Blurred Vision (cycloplegia)
Exacerbate glaucoma - decrease outflow
Dry mouth 
Constipation (decrease GI motility)
Sedation and confusion
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48
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Heart

A

B1

Increase heart rate and contractility

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49
Q

Receptors @ lunch - Adrenergic

A

B2

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50
Q

Selectivity for NE

A

Apha 1, 2, Beta 1

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51
Q

Physosotigmine

A

used for anticholinergic toxicity (Crosses BBB). Physosigmine Phyxes atropine overdose

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52
Q

Receptors @ GI - Adrenergic

A

none

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53
Q

Propanolol

A

Beta blocker (1 and 2)

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54
Q

Long acting indirect Cholinergic Agonists

A

Isofluorophate
organophosphate
Covalent phosphorylation to serine to make inactive.

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55
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Blood pressure

A

Alpha1 and Beta 1 - Increase BP

Beta 2 - decrease BP

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56
Q

Uses of Adrenergic Antagonists

A 
HTN, angina, arrhythmias, CHF
Glaucoma
Micturition disorders
BPH
Stage fright
essential tremor
57
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta 1 selective agonist

used for HR, and cardiac stress test

58
Q

Receptors @ GU - adrenergic

A

Alpha 1, Beta 2, 3

59
Q

Receptor @ Heart - Cholinergic

A

M2

60
Q

Receptors for Blood Pressure - Adrenergic

A

Alpha1, Beta 1, and Beta 2

61
Q

Terbutaline

A

AR agonist

used for premature labor

62
Q

Tolterodine

A

Muscarinic Block
Tertiary amine
GU - reduces bladder spasms and overactive bladder

63
Q

Male Genitalia Receptors

A

Alpha 1, M

64
Q

Neostigmine vs. Physostigmine

A

Physostigmine goes into CNS!

65
Q

Receptors @ lung - Cholinergic

A

M3

66
Q

Intermediate acting indirect Cholinergic agonist

A

Neostigmine and Physostigmine

Reversible covalent bond of carbonyl group (rather than acetyl)

67
Q

What are Cholinergic Antagonists used for?

A 
Bradycardia (heart)
Asthma
Eye Exams
To create dry field by decreasing salivation
Overactive Bladder
Diarrhea
Parkinson's Disease
Anti-emetic
68
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Heart

A

M2

Decrease Heart Rate, Atrial Contraction, conduction (AV node)

69
Q

Beta block side effects

A

hypoglycemia, sedation, depression

70
Q

Phentolamine

A

Reversible nonselective alpha antagonist.
Given to patients on MAO inhibitions who eat tyramine foods.
SE: ortho hypo and Reflex tachy

71
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic Block
Tertiary Alkaloid
uses; Bradycardia and ophthalamic applications
increase pupil dilation, cycloplegia, decreases airway secretion, decreases stomach acid secretion, decrease GI motility, decrease urinary urgency in cystitis.

72
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ CNS

A

M1

Sedation and Confusion

73
Q

NE

A

Alph1>alpha2>Beta1 selective agonist

used for Hypotension

74
Q

Carvedilol

A

Beta 1, 2, and alpha 1 blocker

75
Q

Nicotine Agonist vs. Antagonist

A

Agonist - at low doses to cause increase SNS in CV and increases GI motility due to increase ACh, and euphoria, attention, arousal.
Antagonist - at high dosese due to depolarizing blocking agent.

76
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta 1 blocker

77
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Eye

A

Alpha 1 - mydriasis

Beta - increased humor production

78
Q

Albuterol

A

Beta 2 selective agonist

Acute asthma treatment

79
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ GI

A

Alpha 2 agonist - Dry mouth

80
Q

Clonidine

A

Alpha2 agonist
Used for hypertensive urgency, ADHD, and tourette syndrome
Cause CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, dry mouth, and miosis

81
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ GU

A

Alpha 1 - open sphincter

82
Q

what increases absorption in Adrenergic agonists

A

NON catechols (not substrates for catechol O methyl transferase in Liver)
methyl on alpha carbon
(ephedrine and amphedamine)

83
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Heart

A

M2

Increase Heart Rate

84
Q

Heart Receptors

A

Beta 1 and M2

85
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ GI

A

M3

Decreased salivation, decrease GI motility

86
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Lung

A

M3

Bronchoconstriction and Increased Lung Secretions

87
Q

Doxazosin

A

Alpha 1 selective antagonist
Reversible
used: BPH, PTSD, HTN
SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache

88
Q

Uses of Pilocarpine

A

potent stimulator of sweat, tears and saliva. Resistant to AChE
Glaucoma
Xerostomia
“You cry, drool, and sweat on our PILOw”

89
Q

Receptors for Thermoregulation - cholinergic

A

M3 ONLY - through activated by SNS

90
Q

Neostigmine uses

A

Urinary Retention
Paralytic ileus
Reversal of neuromuscular blocks

91
Q

Donepezil

A

Indirect cholinergic agonist used to treat AD

92
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Blood Vessels

A

Alpha 1 - vasodilation

Beta 2 - vasoconstriction

93
Q

Cholinergic Agonist vs. Adrenergic Antagonist - Heart

A

Both decrease HR and Contractility, only Cholinergic decrease conduction from AV node.
Beta 1 blockers used for HTN, angina, treatment of arrhythmias, and CHF

94
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ CNS

A

Beta - depressed mood

95
Q

Receptor @ Heart - Adrenergic

A

Beta 1

96
Q

Ipatropium

A

Muscarinic antagonist
quaternary amine
used for asthma tx with tiotripium

97
Q

which cholinergic agonists are in CNS?

A

Pilocarpine, Physostigmine, Organophosphates

98
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Blood Vessels

A

M3

Vasodilation - not innervated by PNS so no real effects

99
Q

Epineprhine

A

All, but Beta more than alpha agonists

Anaphylaxis, asthma, glaucoma.

100
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Blood Vessels

A

Alpha 1 - vasoconstriction and hypertension

Beta 2 - vasodilation (skeletal muscles)

101
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Lung

A

B2

bronchospasm

102
Q

Lung Receptors

A

Beta 2 and M

103
Q

Adrenal Medulla Receptors

A

Nicotinic Neuronal

104
Q

Neostigmine

A

Reversbile, intermediate acting cholinergic agonist
quaternary carbamate
poor absorption and no CNS distribution

105
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ GU

A

M3

Block Detrouser

106
Q

Quaternary amines (antiM)

A

poor absorption and no CNS distribution
Renal excretion
Low lipid solubility

107
Q

Tertiary amines (anti M)

A

Good GI abosprtion and CNS distribution

Hepatic and Renal elimination

108
Q

Lacrimal Glands Receptors

A

M

109
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Thermoregulation

A

M3

Increase sweating - heat loss

110
Q

Edrophonium

A

reversible, short acting by ion bond formation

used to diagnose Myasthenia gravis, but now an Anti-AChR Ab is used.

111
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta 1 blocker

112
Q

Scopolamine

A

Muscarinic Block
Tertiary Alkaloid
Good skin absoprtion
Anti emetic, motion sickness

113
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Used for Myasthenia gravis, does not penetrate CNS
LONG acting
pyRIDostiGMine gets RID of MYasthenia Gravis

114
Q

Benzotropine

A

muscarinic block
tertiary amine –> CNS
used to treat PD (park my benz)

115
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ Eye

A 
M3
Miosis (constriction), Accomodation for near vision, increase aqueous humor OUTFLOW
116
Q

Salivary Gland Receptors

A

Alpha 1 and M

117
Q

Receptors for Blood Pressure - Cholinergic

A

M3

118
Q

types of antimuscarinics

A

alkalois and semisyntethetic/synthetic

119
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Antagonist @ Eye

A

M3

Mydriasis, Cycloplegia, decreased outflow

120
Q

Receptors @ GI - Cholinergic

A

M3

121
Q

Ureters and Bladder Receptors

A

Beta 2, Alpha 1, M

122
Q

Receptors @ eye - Adrenergic

A

alpha 1, some Beta

123
Q

Kidney Receptors

A

Beta 1

124
Q

Blood Vessels Sk Muscle

A

Beta 2

125
Q

Pralidoxime

A

Cholinesterase Regenerators

binds to organophosphate and inactivatesd AChE to free AChE in cases of Nicotinic overstimulation. (Get rid of ACh)

126
Q

Side Effects of nonselective alpha block

A 
postrual hypotension, reflex tachycardia
nasal congestion
inhibits ejaculation
GI upset
Sedation
fatigue
127
Q

Isofluofophate

A

long acting indirect cholinergic agonist

128
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Agonist @ Lung

A

Beta 2

Bronchodilation

129
Q

What increase adrenergic agonists into CNS?

A

increase with non catechols

ephedrine and amphedamine

130
Q

Labetaolol

A

Beta 1 ,2 and alpha 1 blocker

131
Q

(Receptor& Action) Adrenergic Antagonist @ Blood pressure

A 
Alpha 1, beta 1, decrease BP
Alpha 2 (Agonist) - decrease BP
132
Q

(Receptor& Action) Cholinergic Agonist @ GU

A

M3

Increase Detruser Contraction

133
Q

Beta 2 block side effects

A

worsen asthma, increases triglycerides and cholesterol

134
Q

Atropine toxicity

A

No see
No Pee
NO spit
No shit

135
Q

Receptors @ eye - Cholinergic

A

M3

136
Q

what are cholinergic agonists used to treat?

A 
Glaucoma
Xerostomia
Urinary retention
Constipation
AD
Myasthenia Gravis
137
Q

Blood Vessels

A

Alpha 1

138
Q

Terazosin

A

Alpha 1 selective antagonist
Reversible
used: BPH, PTSD, HTN
SE: ortho hypo, dizzy, headache

Neuro (5 decks)

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