Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

What does the ANS innervate?

Answer 1

Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and secretory cells

Question 2

Is there direct control involved in ANS?

Answer 2

No, they are under autonomic function

Question 3

Fight or Flight

Answer 3

Sympathetic

Question 4

Rest and Digest

Answer 4

Parasympathetic

Question 5

What does the Somatic nervous system innervate?

Answer 5

Skeletal muscle

Question 6

Where is the PSNS origin in the spinal cord?

Answer 6

Craniosacral

Question 7

Where is the SNS origin in the spinal cord?

Answer 7

Thoracolumbar

Question 8

What are some ANS neurotransmitters?

Answer 8

Acetylcholine
Norepinepherine
Epinepherine
Dopamine
Histamine
Seratonin
NO
Etc...

Question 9

Is acetylcholine released from a presynaptic or postsynaptic neuron?

Answer 9

Presynaptic

Question 10

What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?

Answer 10

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

**Remember acetylcholine binds to these

Question 11

What type of receptor are Nicotinic receptors? (ionotropic or metabotropic)

Answer 11

Ionotropic

Question 12

What type of receptor are Muscarinic receptors? (ionotropic or metabotropic)

Answer 12

Metabotropic

Question 13

What binds to adrenergic receptors?

Answer 13

Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine

Question 14

What are the two types of adrenergic receptors?

Answer 14

Alpha (1 and 2) and Beta (1 and 2)

Question 15

Mimetics

Answer 15

Drugs that stimulate (mimic) Autonomic effects

So,

For parasympathomimetic you will have parasympathetic signs and for sympathetomimetic you will have sympathetic signs

Question 16

Lytics

Answer 16

Drugs that block autonomic effects

So,

For parasympatholytic you will see sympathetic signs and for sympatholytic you will see parasympathetic signs

Question 17

Sympathetic effects of the eye

Answer 17

Relaxation of the ciliary muscle and contraction of the iris radial muscle (mydriasis)

Question 18

Parasympathetic effects of the eye

Answer 18

Contraction of ciliary muscles and iris sphincter muscle

Question 19

Sympathetic effects of the heart (B-1)

Answer 19

Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Increased contractility
Increased automacity and conduction of AV node

Question 20

Parasympathetic effects of the heart

Answer 20

Decreased heart rate (bradycardia)
Decreased contractility
Decreased AV node conduction

Question 21

Sympathetic effects of the vasculature

Answer 21

a-1 vasoconstriction
b-2 vasodilation
a-2 various

Question 22

Parasympathetic effects of the vasculature

Answer 22

Vasodilation through release of NO

Question 23

Sympathetic effects of the lung

Answer 23

b-2 bronchodilation, increase respiratory secretions

a-2 decrease secretions

Question 24

Parasympathetic effects of the lung

Answer 24

Bronchoconstriction

increase respiratory secretions

Question 25

Sympathetic effects of the GI tract

Answer 25

a-1, b-1, b-2 decrease motility close sphincters inhibit secretion

Question 26

Parasympathetic effects of the GI tract

Answer 26

increase motility relax sphincters stimulate secretions

Question 27

Sympathetic effects of the bladder

Answer 27

B-2 relax detrusor muscle | a-1 contract sphincter

Question 28

Parasympathetic effects of the bladder

Answer 28

contract destrusor | relax sphincter

Question 29

Autonomic drugs can be:

Answer 29

direct acting or indirect acting

Question 30

What does it mean if an ANS drug is direct acting?

Answer 30

The drug acts directly on the receptor (agonists and antagonists)

Question 31

What does it mean if an ANS drug is indirect acting?

Answer 31

The drug interacts with something other than the receptor