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Neuro > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Sense of body keeping it self and balance

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1
Q

What is the role of the autonomic nervous system

A

Homeostasis
Vasculature
Control internal organs

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2
Q

What is vasculature

A

Way ANS control homeostasis and internal organs

Can do vasoconstriction and vasodilation

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3
Q

What are autonomic sensations

Where they from

A

Stretch/pressure- from mechanoreceptors
Pain-from nociceptors
Temperature-from Thermoreceptors
Oxygen and pH-from chemoreceptors

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4
Q

Mechanoreceptors respond to

A

Pressure in aortic barrel receptors, blood pressure, carotid sinuses and lungs
Stretch in veins, bladder, intestines

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5
Q

What do chemoreceptors respond to

A

Carotid and aortic bodies-oxygen in them
Medulla- hydrogen ion concentration,pH, co2
Hypothalamus- involved in homeostasis, glucose, electrolyte levels in blood

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6
Q

What are the stimuli for nociceptors

Where are they located

A

Stretch, ischemia, irritating chemicals

Internal viscera, walls of arteries

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7
Q

Where Thermo receptors located

What do they sense

A

Hypothalamus-internal temperature

Skin-external temperature

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8
Q

What are in the afferent pathways

A

Dorsal roots

cranial nerves

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9
Q

What are the cranial nerves

A

V I I-facial
IX- glasil pharangelia
X-vagus

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10
Q

What do all three of the cranial nerves carry info about

Do nine and 10 also carry info about

A

Face

Visceral functions

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11
Q

Are the visceral control areas

A

The pons

The medulla

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12
Q

Does the medulla control

A

Heart rate
respiration
vasoconstriction and dilation

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13
Q

Do the Pons control

A

Respiration

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14
Q

What are the visceral control areas essential for

Do problems in these areas affect

A

Maintenance of life

Heart lungs and other areas and can be hazardous to life

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15
Q

The three main regions of the visceral modulatory areas

A

Hypothalamus
thalamus
limbic system

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16
Q

What is the hypothalamus

A

The master control region for homeostasis cardiovascular respiratory and metabolic

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17
Q

It is a thalamus get input from and where does it project it to

A

ANS

limbic system

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18
Q

What is the limbic system

A

Composed of regions and cerebral cortex and sub cortical regions
way of connecting emotions and feelings with visceral functions

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19
Q

What are the efferent (motor) system is composed of

A

Somatic -1 neuron

autonomic- 2 neurons

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20
Q

What does the preganglionic neurotransmitter do

A

Make acetylcholine which binds to nicotinic

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21
Q

What does the second neuron in the parasympathetic nervous system do

A

Release acetylcholine

22
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system release

A

Norepinephrine and epinephrine and acetylcholine

23
Q

What is the adrenal medulla

A

Glands that secrete hormones into the blood

24
Q

What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete

A

Mostly Epinephrine little bit of norepinephrine

25
Q

What are the four main receptors that bind to most sympathetic fibers

A

Alpha one and two receptors

Beta one and two receptors

26
Q

Where is the preganglionic neuron located

A

In spinal cord between T1 and L2 in lateral horn
Sacral sc s2-s4
Brain stem

27
Q

What does the preganglionic neuron innervate

A

Body and adrenal Medulla

28
Q

What is the only part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates the extremities

A

Sympathetic nervous system

29
Q

What are the targets in the sympathetic nervous system

A

Blood vessels
sweat glands
muscles that erect hair on skin
internal viscera

30
Q

What are the functions of the sympathetic nervous system

A

Vasodilation vasoconstriction
Increased heart rate and contractility
bronchodilation
slow down G.I. tract

31
Q

What is the receptor to increased heart rate and contractility

A

Beta 1

32
Q

What is the receptor to do bronchodilation

A

Beta 2

33
Q

What is the nerve supply composed of in the sympathetic nervous system to the head and upper limbs

A

Superior cervical ganglion
middle of cervical ganglion
stellate ganglion

34
Q

What does the sympathetic cervical ganglia supply

A

Blood vessels of the skin of face and upper extremities
Sweating in skin of the face and upper extremities
Pupillary dilation
Supplies one of two muscles that elevate upper eyelid
Salivary gland produce thick saliva
Control body temperature

35
Q

How does the sympathetic nervous system regulate body temperature

A

Increased metabolic rate -generate more heat, increasing temp
Decreased blood flow to skin -increase/maintain body temperature
Sweating -decrease temperature
Erection- increase temperature. (Piloerection)

36
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system also called

A

Craniosacral

37
Q

What are the cranial nerves in the parasympathetic nervous system

A

Cranial nerve III- oculomotor nerve
cranial nerve VII - facial nerve
cranial nerve IX -glossopharyngeal nerve

38
Q

What does cranial nerve III do

A

Constrict pupil

increased convexity of lens- near vision

39
Q

What does cranial nerve VII do

A

Salivary glands

40
Q

What does cranial nerve IX do

A

Salivary glands

lachrymal glands

41
Q

What is the biggest nerve

A

Cranial nerve X-vagus nerve

42
Q

What percent of all fibers come from cranial nerve X

A

75% of brainstem autonomic efferents

43
Q

What does cranial nerve X do

A

Heart- lower heart rate and contraction
Lungs- bronchoconstriction
Upper G.I. tract and liver- activate to digest food and store energy

44
Q

What does parasympathetic nervous system in the sacral spinal cord control

A

Bowel and bladder

sexual organs

45
Q

What is a unique function the sympathetic system does

A

Effectors in limbs face and body wall

assist in elevation of upper eyelid

46
Q

What is a unique function the parasympathetic system does

A

Increased convexity of lens

47
Q

In peripheral nerve damage what do you see

A

Vasodilation
skin looks flushed
absence of sweating

48
Q

What is damage to peripheral nerve (cervical ganglia) known as
what do you see

A

Horner’s syndrome
constriction of pupil
drooping eyelid

49
Q

What are causes of Horner syndrome

A

Trauma
surgery to neck
lung cancer

50
Q

What does injury to the spinal cord cause

A

Bowel and bladder control problems
blood pressure regulation
body temperature

51
Q

What does injury to the brain stem cause

A

Interferes with the control of heart rate blood pressure respiration
may affect cranial nerve nuclei

52
Q

Does damage to the cerebral region -hypothalamus cause

A

Disrupt homeostasis

  • weight
  • temperature regulation
  • emotional displays

Neuro (4 decks)

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