Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards by Ejelin Jecca Sumang

Sympathetic nervous system, ____ outflow (__ - __)

Thoracolumbar outflow (T1-L2)

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Parasympathetic nervous system outflow ___ (___-___)

Craniosacral outflow (S2-S4)

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The motor system is divided into ___ and ___

Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system

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Autonomic nervous system is divided into 3 branches __, ___, ___

Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Enteric nervous system

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Somatic nervous system only takes ___ (somatic motor fibers, alpha motor neurons) to reach its target/effector organ

One motor neuron

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Somatic nervous system
Origin:
Target organ:
Neuron releases:
Receptors:

Origin: Anterior horn of the spinal cord
Target organ: Skeletal muscles
Neuron releases: Acetylcholine
Receptors: Nicotinic receptors

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Sympathetic nervous system
Origin:
Length of preganglionic nerve axon:
Receptor type:
Length of postganglionic nerve axon:
Effector organs:
NT:
Receptor types:

Origin: Spinal segment T1-T12 L1-L3
Length of preganglionic nerve axon: Short
Receptor type: Ach
Length of postganglionic nerve axon: Long
Effector organs: Smooth and Cardiac muscles; Glands
NT: Norepi (except Glands- Ach)
Receptor types: a1, a2, B1, B2

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Parasympathetic
Origin:
Length of preganglionic nerve axon:
Receptor type:
Length of postganglionic nerve axon:
Effector organs:
NT:
Receptor types:

Origin: Cn 10, 9, 7, 3
Length of preganglionic nerve axon: Long
Receptor type: Nicotinic
Length of postganglionic nerve axon: Short
Effector organs: Smooth and Cardiac muscles; Glands
NT: Ach
Receptor types: muscarinic

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Somatic NS
Effector organs:
NT:
Receptor types:

Effector organs: Skeletal muscles
NT: Ach
Receptor types: Nicotinic

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___ is also known as visceral nervous system

Autonomic NS

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Autonomic NS
Motor fibers: stimulates ____, ____ modifications, and ___
Sensory fibers: carry ____ and contribute to ___ and regulations of ____

Motor fibers: stimulates SMOOTH AND CARDIAC MUSCLE modifications, and glands
Sensory fibers: carry VISCERAL PAIN and contribute to REFLEXES and regulations of VISCERAL FUNCTIONS

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Sympathetic NS
Short preganglionic fibers: Cholinergic releases ____
Long postganglionic neurons: Adrenergic fibers releases ___

Short preganglionic fibers: Ach
Long postganglionic neurons: NE

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Sympathetic NS
Short preganglionic neurons: ___
Long postganglionic neurons: __

Short preganglionic neurons: cholinergic
Long postganglionic neurons: adrenergic

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Parasympathetic NS
Short preganglionic neurons: ___
Long postganglionic neurons: __

Short preganglionic neurons: cholinergic
Long postganglionic neurons: cholinergic

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What is the origin of the CN III: Oculomotor nerve?

Edinger-westphal nucleus

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What is the origin of the CN VII: Facial nerve?

Superior salivatory nucleus

What is the origin of the CN IX: Glossopharyngeal nerve?

Inferior salivatory nucleus

What is the origin of the CN X: Vagus Nerve?

Dorsal vagal nucleus

What is the cranial nerve of the edinger-westphal nucleus?

CN III oculomotor nerve

What is the cranial nerve of the superior salivatory nucleus?

CN VII Facial nerve

What is the cranial nerve of the dorsal vagal nucleus?

CN X vagus nerve

Origin of the S2, S3 and S4

Lateral horn of the spinal cord

Peripheral nerves of S2, S3 and S4

Peripheral splanchnic nerves

Sympathetic (thoracolumbar)
Location of presynaptic neurons: found in the _______ of the thoraces (__ - ___) and the upper lumbar (___ - ___ or ___) spinal cord.
Organized ____: ___ innervate upper body regions, ____ innervate pelvic areas and lower limbs

-Intermediolateral cell columns
- (T1-12)
-(L1-L2 or L3)
-Somatotopically
-Upper neurons
Lower neurons

Sympathetic (thoracolumbar) Paravertebral ganglia: extends from the base of the cranium (___) to the coccyx (___)

-superior cervical ganglion -ganglion impar

Sympathetic (thoracolumbar) Prevertebral ganglia: Located around the origins of the ____. Includes the ____ surrounding the celiac trunk

-Main branches of the abdominal aorta -Celiac ganglia

Superior cervical ganglia The ___ branches into three to innervate: ____ - causes pupillary dilation, allows for far vision ___ - contracts to make the lens flat (____) assists in far vision ___ - the NE released by the postganglionic fibers can act directly on: ____ and ___

- Carotid plexus - Dilator pupillae - Ciliary muscle - accomodation - Salivary glands - Tunica media and Salivary glands

Superior cervical ganglia Salivary glands - the NE released by the postganglionic fibers can act directly on: - Tunica media - ___, ___ and consequently decreasing salivary output - Salivary glands - ___ (a glycoprotein which thickens mucus) production, causing ____

- Constricts the tunica media, Decreasing blood flow to the salivary glands - Increases mucin - thick and viscous mucus

sympathetic fibers from the upper thoracic spinal cord extend to the cervical region to synapse with the cervical ganglia: _____, ____, ____, ____

Superior cervical ganglia, Middle cervical ganglia, Inferior cervical ganglia, Stellate ganglia

___ fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic sympathetic ganglia

Stellate ganglia

Superior cervical ganglia Pathway of preganglionic fibers: _____ pass through the chain ganglia then extend superiorly to ____

-Sympathetic fibers from T1-T3 -Synapse with superior cervical ganglia

Superior cervical ganglia Pathway of postganglionic fibers: Contribute to the spinal nerves to supply: ___, ___, ____, contributes branches to the heart, lungs and esophagus

erector pili, blood vessels, sudoriferous sweat glands

Middle and Inferior cervical ganglia Pathway of preganglionic fibers: ____ - can contribute to the plexuses ___ - can exit on their own as splanchnic nerves

Fibers from T1-T3 Fibers form T1-T5

Middle and Inferior cervical ganglia Pathway of postganglionic fibers: the most important post ganglionic branches innervate the heart, lungs, and esophagus: ____, ___, ___

cardiac plexus, esophageal plexus, pulmonary plexus

Middle and Inferior cervical ganglia: Esophageal plexus -_____ of esophagus -_____ from esophageal glands

Esophageal plexus - Decreases peristalsis of esophagus - Decreases secretions from esophageal glands

Middle and Inferior cervical ganglia: Cardiac plexus - Acts on ___: Increase HR, Positive chronotropic action - Acts on _____: Increase contraction power -> increases cardiac output -> increases BP

Cardiac Plexus - Nodal cells - Myocardium/Contractile muscle cells

Middle and Inferior cervical ganglia: Pulmonary plexus - acts on bronchial smooth muscle - controls airway resistance/diameter - causes ____ of respiratory bronchioles - decreases secretions from glands - vasoconstrictors the bronchial arteries

Dilation

Prevertebral/Collateral ganglia: one of their functions is to ____ so that blood can be sent to the brain and muscles, which are more important in "fight or flight" situations; ___, ____, ____, ____, ____, ___, ___, ____

- divert blood flow away from the digestive and excretory organs - Celiac ganglia - Superior mesenteric ganglia - Adrenal medulla - Aorticorenal ganglia - Renal plexus - Inf. mesenteric ganglion - Sup. hypogastric plexus - Inf. hypogastric plexus

Celiac ganglia Pathway of preganglionic fibers: -sympathetic fibers from ___ pass through the chain ganglia and exit as the ____ and synapses with the ____ Pathway for Postganglionic fibers: branch out to innervate some ____

Preganglionic: - T5-T9 - Greater splanchnic nerve - celiac ganglia Postganglionic: - Abdominal organs