Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nervous System > Autonomic Nervous system > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

The autonomic nervous system is a division of the…

A

Peripheral nervous system

Efferent nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe the different componenets of the automic nervous system?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sympathetic nerves have…

A

Thoracolumbar outflow

Short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parasympathetic nerves have…

A

Craniosacral outflow

Long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sympathetic ganglia are located in…

A

Prevertebral ganglia

Paravertebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sympathetic outflow is from which regions?

A

thoracic (T1-12) and lumbar (L1-2) regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is parasympathetic outflow from?

A

cranial (III, VII, IX, X) and sacral (S2-4) regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where do sympathetic ganglia lie close to?

A

spinal cord in the sympathetic chain (paravertebral ganglia), or in collateral (prevertebral) ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where do parasympathetic ganglia lie close to?

A

Parasympathetic ganglia lie close to or within the target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cranial nerves that contain parasympathetic outflow include which nerves?

A

Oculomotor nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the sympathetic system the synapses between pre- and post-ganglionic cells are…

A

Cholinergic and nicotinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In the parasympathetic system the synapses between pre- and post-ganglionic cells are…

A

Cholinergic and nicotinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what do both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibres release?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibres release acetylcholine which acts on nicotinic cholinergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the parasympathetic system the synapses between post-ganglionic cells and their targets are…

A

Cholinergic and muscarinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Adrenaline and noradrenaline act on…

A

Adrenergic receptors
α receptors
β receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do parasympathetic fibres release?

A

Parasympathetic postganglionic fibres release acetylcholine which acts on muscarinic cholinergic receptors

17
Q

what do Sympathetic postganglionic fibres release?

A

noradrenaline which acts on α or β adrenergic receptors

18
Q

describe acetylcholine?

A

It’s released from the sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic fibres where it then binds to nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic cells.

The postganglionic fibres in the parasympathetic nervous system also release acetylcholine This time it binds to muscarinic receptors on the target.

acts on nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

19
Q

describe noradrenaline and adrenaline?

A

postganglionic cells in the sympathetic nervous system release adrenaline and noradrenaline and this binds to adrenergic receptors, which can be the alpha or the beta type.

have subtypes. Alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1 and beta 2

20
Q

Post-ganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla…

A

Release adrenaline
Have no axons
Are part of the sympathetic system
Contribute to mass activation

21
Q
A
22
Q

Sympathetic postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla release?

A

adrenaline and noradrenaline (~80%:20%) into the blood

This acts on α or β adrenergic receptors

23
Q

In the eye, activation of the sympathetic system causes…

A

Contraction of the radial muscle of the iris

Relaxation of the ciliary muscle surrounding the lens

24
Q

sympathetic innervation on muscles of iris?

A

activates α1 receptors on radial muscle of the iris

Radial muscle contracts and makes pupil larger

25
Q

parasympathetic innervation on muscles of iris?

A

Activates muscarinic receptors on sphincter muscle of the iris

Contracts sphincter muscle and makes pupil smaller

26
Q

sympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle around lens?

A

Activates β2 receptors on ciliary muscle around lens
Ciliary muscle relaxes and eye focuses far away

27
Q

parasympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle?

A

Activates muscarinic receptors on ciliary muscle around the lens
Ciliary muscle contracts and eye focuses close up

28
Q

Eye drops used to dilate the pupil of the eye may contain…

A

A muscarinic antagonist
An α1 agonist

29
Q

In the heart, parasympathetic activation causes…

A

Release of acetylcholine
A decrease in heart rate

30
Q

In most blood vessels, activation of…

A

Parasympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
Sympathetic nerves causes vasoconstriction

31
Q

In some blood vessels, activation of the sympathetic system causes vasodilation because…

A

They express β2 receptors

32
Q

sympathetic innervation of blood vessels?

A

Activates α1 receptors on smooth muscle of vessels
Makes smooth muscle contract and blood flow decreases

Activates β2 receptors on smooth muscle of vessels
Makes smooth muscle relax and blood flow increases

33
Q

parasympathetic innervation of blood vessels?

A

Usually no effect

34
Q

In the lung, activation of the sympathetic system causes…

A

Relaxation of smooth muscle

35
Q
A

Nervous System (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions