Autonomic & Endocrine System Flashcards
What is an afferent neuron?
Sensory
What is an efferent neuron?
motor
What are somatic neurons?
Voluntary
What are autonomic neurons?
Involuntary; both sympathetic and parasympathetic
What are the 6 steps of a nerve impulse transmission of the synaptic cleft?
- Presynaptic nerve impulse
- Voltage – gated Ca2+ channels open
- Neurotransmitter is released from synaptic vesicles
- Neurotransmitter binds to post synaptic receptor (ligand gated ion channels)
- Na+ enters post synpatic neuron
- postsynaptic nerve impulse
What are the three E’s associated with the sympathetic division
Exercise, emotion, and excitement
what are the 3 R’s Associated with the parasympathetic division?
Repletion, rest, and relax
What is the action of the alarm response on the following organs:
Heart:
Eyes:
Mouth:
Lungs:
Heart: Increased rate and force of contraction
Eyes: Dilated pupils
Mouth: Decreased salivation
Lungs: Dilated bronchi and faster breathing
What is the action of the alarm response on the following organs:
Skin:
Gut:
Blood:
Skin:
- Construction of peripheral blood vessels,
- contract arrector pili muscles
- increase sweat secretion
Gut: Decrease digestion
Blood:
- Increased blood sugar
- Increased blood pressure and water retention
What is the action of the Relaxation response on the following organs:
Heart:
Eyes:
Mouth:
Lungs:
Gut:
Blood:
Heart: Decreased rate and force of contraction
Eyes: Contraction of pupils
Mouth: Increased salivation
Lungs: Construction of Bronchi
Gut: Increased digestion
Blood: Dilation of peripheral blood vessels
Alarm Response (4)
Pounding heart, cold sweat, pale skin, gooseflesh
resistance reaction
Increased glucose, fatty acids and amino acids. Sensitised vessels. Reduced information. Immune suppressant
