Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Question 1

Autonomic Division

Answer 1

-autonomic reflexes
-antagonistic controls
-control of cardiac and smooth muscle, and glands in homeostasis
-agonists and antagonists in research and medicine

Question 2

Somatic motor Division

Answer 2

CNS control of skeletal muscles through neuromuscular junctions

Question 3

CNS:

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

Question 4

PNS

Answer 4

all nerves connecting to the CNS, cranial, and spinal

Question 5

ANS: Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 5

involuntary information to/from glands and organs
-regulation of the balance (homeostasis) of the internal environment

Question 6

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 6

voluntary information from CNS to skeletal muscles
-required for movement

Question 7

antagonistic branches of the ANS:

Answer 7

parasympathetic
sympathetic

Question 8

parasympathetic

Answer 8

“rest and digest”
restore body function

Question 9

sympathetic

Answer 9

fight or flight
energetic action

Question 10

homeostasis is a dynamic balance

Answer 10

between the autonomic branches

rest and digest: parasympathetic activity dominates
fight or flight: sympathetic activity dominates

Question 11

homeostasis and ANS divisions (4 points)

Answer 11

1. preservation of the fitness of the internal environment
2. up/down regulation by tonic control
3. antagonistic control
   -exception is sweat glands and smooth muscle of blood vessels (up/down regulation of sympathetic tone)
4. chemical signals with different effects in dissimilar tissue

Question 12

coordination of homeostatic responses

Answer 12

autonomic
endocrine
behavioral

Question 13

hypothalamus

Answer 13

water balance, temperature, hunger

Question 14

pons

Answer 14

respiration

Question 15

medulla

Answer 15

respiration
cardiac
vomiting
swallowing

Question 16

autonomic pathways consist of 2 neurons that synapse in an autonomic ganglion

Answer 16

preganglionic
postganglionic neuron

Question 17

most internal organs are under antagonistic control. one autonomic branch is ___ and the other is ____

Answer 17

excitatory
inhibitory

Question 18

excitatory and inhibitory functions can coordinate a response

Answer 18

example: penis
parasympathetic: erection
sympathetic: ejaculation

Question 19

ANS branches differ functional based on

Answer 19

1. CNS exit
2. neurotransmitters
3. receptors

Question 20

CNS exit of sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 20

sympathetic: thoracolumbar
parasympathetic: craniosacral

Question 21

sympathetic pathways use

Answer 21

acetylcholine and norepinephrine

short preganglion

Question 22

parasympathetic pathways use

Answer 22

acetylcholine (pre and post)

long preganglions