Autonomic and Neuromuscular Pharmacology

Question 1

acetylcholine works on

Answer 1

cholinergic receptors:
nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 2

noradrenaline and adrenaline act on

Answer 2

adrenergic receptors:

alpha 1+2, beta 1+2

Question 3

using drugs that target ganglia

Answer 3

not a good idea- will affect sympathetic and parasympathetic as all use same neurotransmitter and receptor

Question 4

synaptic transmission 1

Answer 4

neurotransmitter is made in presynaptic terminal

Question 5

synaptic transmission 2

Answer 5

Na⁺ action potential reaches end terminal

and activates voltage gated Ca²⁺ channels

Question 6

synaptic transmission 3

Answer 6

Ca²⁺ triggers exocytosis of the vesicles of neurotransmitter- and it enters the synapse

Question 7

synaptic transmission 4

Answer 7

neurotransmitter diffuses across and binds to ionotropic and/or metabotropic receptors

and trigger the post synapting response

Question 8

synaptic transmission 5

Answer 8

presenting autoreceptors inhibit anymore NT release

Question 9

synaptic transmission 6

Answer 9

NT left in synapse is inactivated by uptake into glia or neurones

Question 10

synaptic transmission 8

Answer 10

NT is metabolised in the cell

Question 11

clinical applications: non-depolarising or depolarising blockers are used for

Answer 11

paralysis during:

surgery

ECF

spasms in tetanus

Question 12

clinical applications: botulinum toxin used for

Answer 12

treating spasm

cosmetic procedures

Question 13

clinical applications: anticholinesterases

Answer 13

treats myasthenic syndromes

reverses action of non-depolarizing blockers

counters botulinum poisoning