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Autonomic Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanchol

A

1) Activates Bowel and Bladder smooth m. Post-op and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention. 2) Direct Cholinomimetic. 4) Resistant to AchE.

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

1) Glaucoma, pupillary contraction, and relief of intraocular pressure. 2) Direct Cholinomimetic. 4) Carbon copy of Ach

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3
Q

Pilocarpine

A

1) Potent stim of sweat, tears, saliva. Contracts ciliary m of eye (open angle) and pupillary sphincter (narrow angle) 2) Direct Cholinomimetic 4) Resistant to AchE

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4
Q

Methacholine

A

1) Challenge test –> dx of asthma. 2) Direct Cholinomimetic, stim muscarinic r in airway

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5
Q

Neostigmine

A

1) Post-op and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of neuromuscular jxn blockade (post-op). 2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach. 4) No CNS penetration

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6
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

1) Myasthenia gravis (long acting) 2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach, increases strength. 4) No CNS penetration

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

1) Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (short acting). 2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases endogenous Ach

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8
Q

Physostigmine

A

1) Anticholinergic toxicity 2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach. 4) crosses BBB

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9
Q

Donepezil

A

1) Alzheimers 2) Indirect Cholinomimetic; increases Ach

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10
Q

ADE of all Cholinomimetics

A

Exacerbation of COPD, asthma, and peptic ulcers

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11
Q

Organophosphate poisoning (e.g. Parathion)

A

Irreversibly inhib AchE. (DUMBBELSS) Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal m and CNS, Lacrimation, Sweating, and Salivation

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12
Q

Rx for Organophosphate poisoning

A

Atropine + Pralidoxime = regenerate active AchE

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13
Q

Atropine Use/MOA

A

1) Blocks Organophosphate poisoning. Used to treat bradycardia and opthalmic applications 2) Muscarinic antagonist.

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14
Q

Atropine ADE

A

3) Increase body temp, rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry/flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation. Can cause acute angle-glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in men with BPH, hyperthermia in infants

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15
Q

Homatropine

A

1) Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia 2) Muscarinic antagonist

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16
Q

Tropicamide

A

1) Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia 2) Muscarinic antagonist

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17
Q

Benztropine

A

1) Rx for Parkinsons. 2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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18
Q

Scopolamine

A

1) Motion sickness. 2) Muscarinic antagonist

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19
Q

Tiotropium

A

1) Rx for COPD, Asthma. 2) Muscarinic antagonist

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20
Q

Ipratropium

A

1) Rx for COPD, Asthma. 2) Muscarinic antagonist

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21
Q

Oxybutynin

A

1) Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms. 2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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22
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

1) Parenteral: preop –> reduce airway secretions. PO: Rx for drooling, peptic ulcer 2) Muscarinic Antagonist

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23
Q

Epinephrine

A

1) Anaphylaxis, glaucoma (open angle), asthma, hypotension 2) Sympathomimetics; A1, A2, B1, B2. LOW dose selective for B1

24
Q

NE

A

1) Hypotension (but low renal perfusion) 2) Sympathomimetics; A1, A2 > B1

25
Isoproterenol
1) Torsade de pointes (tachycardia decr low QT interval), bradyarrhythmias (but can worsen ischemia) 2) Sympathomimetics; B1=B2
26
Dopamine
1) Shock (renal perfusion), heart failure 2) Sympathomimetic; D1 (low dose) \>B (medium dose) \>A (high dose), inotropic and chronotropic
27
Dobutamine
1) Heart failure, cardiac stress testing 2) Sympathomimetic; B1\>B2, inotropic and chronotropic)
28
Phenylephrine
1) Hypotension (vasoconstrictor), ocular procedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant) 2) Sympathomimetic; A1\>A2
29
Albuterol
1) Acute asthma 2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2\>B1)
30
Salmeterol
1) Long-term treatment of asthma or COPD control 2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2\>B1)
31
Terbutaline
1) Reduce premature uterine contractions 2) Sympathomimetic; Selective B2-agonist (B2\>B1)
32
Ritodrine
1) Reduces premature uterine contractions 2) Sympathomimetic; B2
33
Amphetamine
1) Narcolepsy, obesity, ADD 2) Indirect Sympathomimetic/general agonist, releases stored catecholamines
34
Ephedrine
1) Nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension 2) Indirect sympathomimetic/general agonist, releases stored catecholamines
35
Cocaine
1) Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia 2) Indirect sympathomimetic/general agonist. Uptake inhibitor. 4) People use this to get high. Don't give B-blockers if cocaine intoxication suspected.
36
Clonidine
1) HTN esp w renal disease (no decr in blood flow to kidney) 2) Sympathoplegics. Centrally acting A2-agonist. Decr central sympathetic outflow
37
Alpha-methyldopa
1) HTN esp w renal disease (no decr in blood flow to kidney) 2) Sympathoplegics. Centrally acting A2-agonist. Decr central sympathetic outflow
38
Phenoxybenzamine
1) Pheochromocytoma (b4 removing tumor) 2) Irreversible, Nonselective alpha blocker 3) Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
39
Phentolamine
1) Give to pts on MAO-i who eat tyramine-containing foods 2) Reversible, Nonselective alpha blocker
40
Prazosin
1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH 2) A1 blocker 3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA
41
Terazosin
1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH 2) A1 blocker 3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA
42
Doxazoin
1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH 2) A1 blocker 3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA
43
Tamsuolosin
1) HTN, urinary retention in BPH 2) A1 blocker 3) 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, HA
44
Mirtazapine
1) Depression 2) A2 blocker 3) Sedation, incr serum cholesterol, incr appetite
45
Acebutolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Beta1-antagonist (partial Beta-agonist) 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
46
Betaxolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Beta1-antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
47
Esmolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Beta1-antagonist (short acting) 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
48
Atenolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Beta1-antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
49
Metoprolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Beta1-antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
50
Propanolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Non-selective B-antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
51
Timolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Non-selective B-antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
52
Pindolol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Non-selective B-antagonist (partial B-agonist) 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
53
Labetalol
1) HTN, Angina pectoris,MI, SVT, CHF, Glaucoma 2) Non-selective A and B antagonist 3) Impotence, exacerbations of asthma, cardio (bradycardia, AV blok, CHF), CNS (sedation, seizure, sleep alteration). Use with caution in diabetics
54
Carvedilol
Non-selective A and B antagonist
55
Nadolol
Non-selective B antagonist

Drugs (11 decks)

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