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CCHM LEC PRELIM > automation > Flashcards

automation Flashcards

1
Q

Advantages of automation over Manual Procedures:

A

Rapid results
Increase in the number of tests performed
Saves time and effort
Eliminates the needs for staff (personnel) increase
Economical
Errors in calculations and transcription are reduced
Better precision and accuracy

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2
Q

Disadvantages of automation

A

There maybe limitations in the methodology that can be used
MT is often discouraged from making observations and using their own judgment
about potential problems.
Many systems are impractical for small number of samples
Expensive to purchase and maintain

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3
Q

performs only one test at
a time

A

sequential analyzer

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4
Q

performs only one kind of test
but multiple specimen collection

A

Batch analyzer

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5
Q

performs numerous test but
only for a single specimen

A

Parallel analyzer

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6
Q

performs test in any order

A

Random access analyzer

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7
Q

all samples are loaded at the same
time and a single test is conducted on each sample

A

Batch testing

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8
Q

more than one test is analyzed
concurrently on a given specimen

A

Parallel testing

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9
Q

any test can be
performed on any sample in any sequence

A

Random access testing

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10
Q

multiple test analyzed one
after another on a given specimen

A

Sequential testing

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11
Q

a system other than
manufacturer’s reagent can be used

A

Open reagent system

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12
Q

operator can only use
manufacturer’s reagent

A

Closed reagent system

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13
Q

first commercial centrifugal analyzer was introduced

A

1970

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14
Q

the term used to define reagent stability before use

A

Shelf life

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15
Q

this occurs when a previous sample to have a higher or lower result. This
occurs in systems that reuse cuvettes that are insufficiently washed after each testing cycle

A

carry over

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16
Q

the time the analyzer is not in use

A

Maintenance time

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17
Q

All samples are carried through the same analysis pathway

A

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM

18
Q

parts of CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM

A
  • sampler
  • pumps and manifolds
  • dialyzer
  • heating bath
19
Q

For continuous and proportional
delivery of samples, reagents or
gases. This is analogous to
pipetting in manual techniques

A

pumps and manifolds

20
Q

For heating and incubating
the reaction mixture and
fixed temperature

A

heating bath

21
Q

the time that an analyzer is unavailable for testing because a periodic
maintenance or reasons pertaining to troubleshooting

A

downtime

22
Q

the ability to measure only the analyte requested.

A

specificity

23
Q

the lowest value that can be reliably be detected by a method without providing a false positive result.

A

sensitivity

24
Q

the range over which patient results can be reported without manipulating the sample (i.e. using a dilution). The
linear range is generally defined by the values of the highest and lowest calibrations available for a particular instrument.

A

linearity

25
Q

a means of providing positive sample identification.

A

bar code

26
Q

the ability of the operator to program the instrument to
perform other tasks while the instrument processes the tests

A

walk away capability

27
Q

the number of test results that are generated by a laboratory during a
given time period

A

workload

28
Q

a list of the analytes or tests that a laboratory would to be able to provide
for patient testing.

A

test menu

29
Q

labor maintenance, reagents, calibration, quality control, consumables and
capital

A

cost

30
Q

maximum number of samples or tests that can be processed in an
hour; the measure of speed of an analytical system.

A

throughput

31
Q

minimum time required to obtain result after the initial sampling of
the specimen

A

dwell time

32
Q

only performs requested test

A

selective

33
Q

number of tests that can be performed on instrument

A

test repertoire

34
Q

refers to automated devices and robots integrated with existing
analyzers to perform all phases of laboratory testing

A

total laboratory automation

35
Q

a well-designed automated system
maintains or reproduces the prescribed
conditions with great precision

A

standardization

36
Q

This is simply a waiting period in
which the test mixture is allowed time
to react

A

incubation

37
Q

example of CENTRIFUGAL
FAST
ANALYZERS

A

CentrifiChem
* RotoChem

38
Q

example of THIN-FILM
ANALYZERS

A

Kodak “EktaChem

39
Q

A computer controlled, single
channel analyzer

A

AMERICAN
MONITOR
KDA

40
Q

Offer double-beam photometers for
automatic blank correction

A

BECKMAN
DSA and
DSA 564

41
Q

Results are stored with subsequent
print
-out of collated patient results

A

AMERICAN
MONITOR
KDA

42
Q

Use of micro-amounts of serum and
reagents

A

BECKMAN
DSA and
DSA 564

CCHM LEC PRELIM (6 decks)

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