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Kingston 3rd year Section 1 > Autoimmune > Flashcards

Autoimmune Flashcards

1
Q

Name two types of Autoimmunity

A

Systemic (MS)

Tissue Specific (type 1)

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2
Q

Name one type of barrier used in sequestering antigens

A

Blood Brain Barrier

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3
Q

What % of the Western Population have an autoimmune condition?

Whos affected moore, male or females?

A

3%

Females

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4
Q

Overall, what defines if someone has an autoimmune condition based off the genetics?

A

change in alleles of HLA

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5
Q

Name the transcription factor involved in deleteting self reactive T cells

Where is it found and on what chromosome

A

AIRE

Thymus (Chromo.21)

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6
Q

What protein is found on cardiac muscle thats found on what bacteria that causes molecular mimicry?

What can this cause?

A

M protein

Group A streptococcus

Rheumatic Fever

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7
Q

IDDM can be caused by what virus with what protein?

What molecular mimicry does it mimic?

A

Coxsackie B4 virus

Pancreatic islet Glutamic decarboxylase

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8
Q

At what point in life does autoimmune diseases peak at

A

during reproductive years

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9
Q

what hormone peaks after pregnancy thats related to autoimmune condition?

What reference?

A

Prolactin surges after pregnancy

Piccinni, 2016

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10
Q

Prolactin surge can induce what autoimmune condition?

A

SLE

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11
Q

What drug is use to treat Wilsons Disease

How does it do it? But what can it induce

A

Penicillamine

Binds to MHC grove = SLE

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12
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is SLE?

What 3 conditions can it induce

A

type 2/3

HA / Alopecia / Discoid Rashes

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13
Q

Who has the majority of SLE cases

A

women (20-40)

African American

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14
Q

What are the main symptoms of SLE (2)

A

Butterfly rash

Cardiac/brain dysfunction

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15
Q

How many people are affected by SLE

A

26.2/100,000

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16
Q

What deficiency is associated with SLE

A

C2-C4 (pickering, 2000)

17
Q

What Drug is associated with SLE

A

Hydralazine (Cameron, 1984)

18
Q

What auto antibodies are associated with SLE (3)

A

Smith Gene

Nuclear

Chromatin/splicesome complex

19
Q

What 2 drugs and 1 procedure can be used as treatment for SLE

A

Prednisone

Hydroxychloroquine

Dialysis

20
Q

IDDM can be induced by what 2 viruses? What does it do?

A

Rubella / Coxsackie B4 (auto-AB)

Destroy beta cells

21
Q

What allele change is associated with IDDM

A

HLA DR3/4

22
Q

In graves disease, what auto-AB is created against what? What does this lead to?

A

TSH

Hyperthyroidism

23
Q

in Graves disease, whos most affected and by how much?

A

5x women in 30-40 years old

24
Q

What two treatments are done for graves disease patients

A

Prednisone

Thyroidectomy

25
Q

What 2 viruses are associated with Rheumatoid Arthritus?

What allele is associated with RA?

A

EBV // HTLV-1

HLA-DR1/4

26
Q

What IG is associated with the immune complex build up in RA = pain?

A

IgM / IgG

27
Q

What 3 things are used in diagnostics for RA?

A

High ESR (CRP/Fibrinogen high)

Anti-CCP AB

Rh factor (in synovial fluid)

28
Q

Define Multiple Sclerosis and who it affects the most

A

Chronic Demyelinating Disease of CNS

caucasians (Huang,2017)

29
Q

What virus and light is associated with the temperate climate association with MS?

A

Measles + UV + Temperate Climate + equator

Tucker, 2008

30
Q

What does myelin basic protein line? What cells are involved in the autoimmune response against myelin basic protein?

A

Lines Nerve fibres

Autoreactive T cells => Macrophages + IgG

31
Q

What forms a neural deficit in MS patients?

What can this neural deficit induce?

A

Inflammatory Lesions –> Neural Dysfunction–>Deficit

Permanent dmg = weakness / highly variable

32
Q

What procedure is done in MS patients for diagnosis?

What is done to obtain the sample? How many have these bands?

A

Isoelectric Focussing –> Oligoclonal Bands (IgG)

Lumbar puncture in 90% patients

33
Q

What anti-inflammatory drug is given for MS?

What does this do?

A

IFN-B (Avonex)

Improves BBB integrity

34
Q

Natalizumab for MS binds to what? What does it decrease?

A

VLA-4

B + T lympocytes in CSF (Lesesve, 2011)

35
Q

Avonex and …. is designed as an Anti-CD25 (blocks activated auto T cells)

Instead what does it do?

A

Daclizumab

Increases NK cells (CD56)

36
Q

What MAB drug is anti CD52 for MS patients?

What does it do?

A

Alemtuzumab

suppresses B / T cells = Decreases lesion sizes

37
Q

Alemtuzumab also deletes what? What unfortunantly can this induce

A

deletes inhibitory T cells

Autoimmune of the thyroid

38
Q

Steroids for general Autoimmune diseases can lead to what for bones?

A

Osteoporosis

Inhibits blast function = Increases Ca2+ abs + Excretion

Kingston 3rd year Section 1 (7 decks)

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