Autism and ADHD Flashcards
What are some language disturbances that may accompany autism
-deficits in development/use
-may express more than they understand
-echolalia or stereotypy phrases
-odd voice quality/rhythm
-total lack of speech
what are some signs of irritability in children with autism
aggression
self-injurious behavior
severe tantrums
may emerge w/o trigger
what are some other common associated features of autism
-instability of affect
-hyperactive/inattentive
-precocious skills
-insomnia
-minor infections/GI sx
what are the two medications approved to treat irritability in autism
risperidone
aripiprazole
core symptoms of autism
-persistent deficits in social communication/interaction
-restrictive/repetitive behaviors/interests
possible manifestations of social communication/interaction deficits in autism
-poor eye contact
-disrupting routine can cause extreme anxiety
-atypical attachment behavior
-impaired ability to infer feelings/empathy
-poor social skills
possible manifestations of restricted/repetitive behaviors/interests in autism
-Restricted/muted exploratory play
-rigid, repetitive, monotonous play
-ritualistic and compulsive behaviors
-increased self-stimulation and self-injury when intellectual disability is present
-
physical characteristics associated with autism
-ear malformations
-ambidextrous
-abnormal fingerprints
Possible disturbances in language usage associated with autism
-may express more than they understand
-echolalia or stereotypic phrases out of context
-peculiar voice quality and rhythm
is it common for autism to have deficits in language development
No but it can happen
typically lack prosody and inflection
How can irritability be manifested in autism
-aggression
-self-injury
-severe temper tantrums
-may emerge unexpectedly w/o trigger
possible responses to sensory stimuli in autism
-may over/under respond
-not uncommon to appear deaf
-heightened pain threshold and altered response to pain
-particular enjoyment of vestibular stimulation (spinning, up-and-down, etc.)
hyperactivity and inattention in autism
ADHD is often comorbid
minor infections that are more frequent in autism
-URIs
-febrile seizures
standardized assessment tool for autism
autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic
(ADOS-G)
Targets for autism treatment
-core behaviors
-social interaction/communication
-strategies for school integration
-development of peer relationships
-independent living skills -
psychosocial interventions for autism treatment
-early intensive behavioral/developmental interventions
-social skills training
-tx comorbid symptoms
-educational interventions
early behavioral/developmental intervention for autism: UCLA/LOVAAS-based model
–given one-on-one for several hours weekly in the home
-focuses on social skills, language usage, play skills
early behavioral/developmental interventions for autism: ESDM
-parents/educators trained as cotherapists to deliver interventions in natural settings (school, daycare, home)
-focus on play and relationship skills
social skills training in autism
-typically in group setting w/ varying ages
-guided practice in initiating conversation, greetings, initiating games, and joint attention
-includes emotional identification and regulation
interventions for insomnia in autism
-change parental behavior towards child at bedtime to reduce reinforcement for being awake
-massage
educational interventions for children with autism: TEACCH method
-structured teaching based on idea that children have a problem with perception
-uses visual aides to teach academic and social skills
what is the use of medications in autism
to treat behavioral symptoms rather than core symptoms
