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BHM III > Autism > Flashcards

Autism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 core impairments that characterize autism spectrum disorder?

A
  • Social communication/ interaction
  • Restricted and repetitive behaviors, interest, and activities
  • Abnormal language development and usage.
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2
Q

How is social communication and interaction impairment characterized?

A
  • Poor imitation skills
  • Difficulty in developing age appropriate peer relationships
  • Lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment interest or achievement w/others
  • Lack the ability to reciprocate socially and emotionally
  • May seek additional personal space
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3
Q

What are characteristics of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests and activities?

A
  • Early in development toys and object may not be used typically instead are manipulated in ritualistic manner
  • Do not show imitative or abstract play that other children their age exhibit
  • Activities and play are more rigid, repetitive and monotonous than their peers
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4
Q

What are frank compulsive behaviors?

A

You will see a child with autism lining up objects rather than “playing” with them

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5
Q

Some children with Autism spectrum disorder will have abnormal language development what are some common characteristics of that?

A
  • Difficulty putting meaningful sentences together even if they have a large vocabulary
  • A child may use a word once and then not use if for weeks to yrs
  • Echolalia
  • Hyperlexia
  • Pronoun reversal
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6
Q

What is Echolalia?

A

Echoing/repeating what they hear

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7
Q

What is Hyperlexia?

A

Able to read at advanced stages

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8
Q

Some children with Autism spectrum disorder will have intellectual disability what are some common characteristics of that?

A
  • Verbal sequence and abstract skills are the most severe problem
  • Strength is visuospatial or memory skills
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9
Q

Some children with Autism spectrum disorder will demonstrate irritability what are some common characteristics of that?

A
  • Aggression
  • Severe temper tantrums
  • Lower function and intellectual deficits
  • Self-injurious behaviors
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10
Q

How is lower function and intellectual deficits defined?

A

Aggression may emerge unexpectedly w/o obvious trigger or purpose

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11
Q

What are examples of self-injurious behaviors?

A
  • Head banging
  • Skin picking
  • Biting
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12
Q

Some children with Autism spectrum disorder will have insomnia what are some treatment options for that?

A
  • Behavioral interventions: include modifications of parental behavior before and at bedtime and providing routines that remove reinforcers for remaining awake
  • Medications: melatonin
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13
Q

Some children with Autism spectrum disorder will have epilepsy what are some common characteristics of that?

A

Increased incidence of febrile seizure

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14
Q

How does acute illness differ in a child with autism compared to a child w/o autism?

A
  • Some do not show temperature elevations with minor infectious illness and may not show the typical malaise of ill children
  • In some children behavior problems and relatedness seem to improve noticeable during a minor illness and in some such changes are clue to a physical illness
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15
Q

What is the screening tool used for autism spectrum disorder?

A

M-CHAT

- Modified checklist for Autism in Toddlers (up to age 5)

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16
Q

What is the M-CHAT and what is it useful for?

A
  • Screening tool not diagnostic but can be a spring board for referring evaluations
  • Online tool
  • Designed to be administered w/o training
  • Catches children w/ autism and developmental disorders earlier
17
Q

What is a con with the M-CHAT?

A

Can miss children-not all inclusive (false negatives/positives)

18
Q

What is a diagnostic tool used for autism spectrum disorder?

A

A-DOS

- Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (gold standard)

19
Q

What is the A-DOS and what is it useful for?

A
  • A play based evolution for toddlers and children and question based with young adults and adults
  • Scored to look at specific areas of autism related to the diagnostic criteria
  • A certified physician will also complete a parent interview to look at early developmental milestones and current functioning
20
Q

Who do you refer for dx and tx in a pt that you suspect has autism spectrum disorder?

A
  • Pediatric neurologist
  • Developmental Pediatrician (Dr. Liebe)
  • Seattle children’s Hospital
  • Child Psychiatrist (FWC)
  • Child Psychologist
21
Q

What resources are available to families with a child with autism?

A
  • ARCH
  • Parent to patent groups
  • Holland center
  • Animated explanation for autism - good video for family and class

BHM III (10 decks)

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