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YR12 FOOD TECH > Australian Food Industry > Flashcards

Australian Food Industry Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the agri-food chain

A

the agri-food chain refers to the production and supply of food to the customer. the agri-food chain relies on the success of each sector and each is dependent on each other.

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2
Q

what are the sectors of the Australian food industry

A
  • agriculture and fisheries
  • food processing/manufacturing
  • food service and catering
  • food retail
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3
Q

c/f agriculture

A
  • Agriculture describes the activity of cultivating the land to grow food and includes farming both plants and animals.
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4
Q

c/f fisheries

A

refer to the production and cultivation of plant and animals in aquatic environments

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5
Q

what role does the agriculture and fisheries sector have in the AFI

A
  • Plays a large role in Australia’s economy and export market
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6
Q

what is value adding

A

is the processing or enhancement of a product to increase a shelf life and or selling price

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7
Q

what do value added foods provide?

A

employment and an increased revenue

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8
Q

what does the food retail sector include

A 
One-stop shopping (super market)
specialty stores - butcher, baker....
lifestyle changes leave less time to shop
internet shopping
impulse buying
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9
Q

what does the food service and catering sector include

A
  • non-commerical meals - jail food, boarding school food, hospitals
  • commerical meals- restaurants, take-away
  • multinational businesses
  • home delivery has become very important in fast food
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10
Q

example of an emerging technology

A

genetical engineering

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11
Q

what is genetic engineering

A

biologists removing a gene from a living organism and inserting it in another organism

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12
Q

what are the issues of genetic engineering

A

controversial and ethical

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13
Q

what is research development

A

the process used to create new products

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14
Q

features of research and development

A
  • the market place is expanding and consumers are very diverse
  • pressure on food industry to provide innovative products to meet the changing needs of the consumer
  • csiro undertake food related research
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15
Q

what is quality assurance

A

the responsibility of every person involved with the production of a food product

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16
Q

features of quality assurance

A
  • food quality is guaranteed through strict quality control procedures
  • consumers have support from consumer organisations
  • organisatiosn have introduced consumer complaint procedures
  • haccp
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17
Q

what does haccp stand for

A

hazard analysis critical control point

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18
Q

what is haccp

A

international approach to quality assurance

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19
Q

7 steps of haccp

A
  • assessment of hazards
  • idendification
  • set standards at each critical control points
  • control point monitoring
  • clear asdvice about procedural vchnages to ensure standards are met
  • clear advice abpout procedural changes to ensure standards are met
  • recording of operations/standards to track variations
  • supervision and checking
20
Q

what is value adding

A

the processing or enhancement of a product to increase a shelf life or selling price

21
Q

what are ways consumers have influenced AFI

A
  • Varied in cost from generic to high quality primary produce to gourmet
  • Quick and simple to prepare
  • Offered through a wide variety of food outlets (food on the run) which is easily accessible
  • Able to be heated and served – this includes meals as well as broad choice of partly prepared foods
  • Packaged in single serve portions
  • Appropriate to lifestyle and available in the food service and catering industry e.g. breakfast market is becoming very fashionable e.g. acai bowls
  • Microwavable foods
  • Prepared by a wide range of appliances
  • Nutritionally enhanced (functional foods). Such as cholesterol lowering
22
Q

what are some environment based trends that have emerged in the AFI

A
  • Greater consideration is given to farming techniques that take into account erosion, soil degradation and the use of chemicals
  • Farming practices have increasingly use science to improve food production without harm to the environment
  • Products that are environmentally farmed have grown in popularity, strengthening the market for ‘clean green; food products and lessening the use of chemicals in food production
23
Q

strategies to reduce the pollution produced by the AFI

A

reusing and recycling water
reusing waste if possible
minimise packaging
eco-friendly packaging

24
Q

what transportation method is more environmentally friendly

A

rail

25
Q

generation of profit in AFI

A
  • Food accounts for 46% of all retailing turnover in Australia.
  • Australia’s fifty largest food and beverage corporations produce almost three-quarters of the domestic industries revenue. Supermarket and grocery outlets continue to capture the majority of food sales in Australia, with around 60% of the value of total food and liquor retailing in 2006-2007.
  • The food industry is expanding enormously because of rapid growth in the tourism industry (food service and catering)
26
Q

explain some lifestyle changes which can impact the AFI

A
  • Production of convenience packaging and convenience foods has enabled Australians to enjoy increased leisure time.
  • ↑ women working = ↓time for food preparation = ↑ cooking technologies such as convection microwaves and the development of home meal replacements.
  • Busier lifestyles = single served meals, fully prepared microwavable food
  • ↑ in health awareness = production of low fat, high fibre, low calorie foods…
27
Q

gender issues in the AFI

A
  • Men make up the majority of farmers – however there has been a large increase in women partaking in farming
  • Not many women in farming due to the heavy loads of manual labour and can be dangerous
  • Despite all sectors of the AFI providing equal employment opportunities it is still failing to attract an equal balance of male and female employees
28
Q

what is legislation

A

law passed by government that describes what can and cannot be done in specific situations.1

29
Q

what independent organsisations have a role in the development of policies and legislation?

A

advisory groups

30
Q

what are e.g.s of advisory groups

A
  • Business groups within a sector e.g. the Australian dairy corporation and the Australian Food and Grocery council.
  • A group that advices on specific health issues, such as national heart foundation
  • An independent body with the power to provide advice and make recommendations to government agencies, such as Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ)
  • Groups that protect the food supply from contamination, such as the department of agriculture and water resources.
31
Q

what does FSANZ stand for?

A

food standards Aus and NZ

32
Q

explain the role FSANZ has on the Food industry

A
  • Enforcement and revision of food standards codes
  • Development of risk assessment policies for imported foods
  • Provision of safety education in food and food manufacture
  • Surveillance of food available in Australia
  • Development of codes of practice and food product recalls in order to ensure food safety
33
Q

who is the aus food standards code developed by?

A

FSANZ

34
Q

what does the aus food standards code include?

A
  • Food labelling – including use by dates, additive and nutritional information
  • Standards affecting classes of foods such as cereals, eggs, meat, fish, fruit and veg
  • Food safety standards that relate to residues and foreign objects in food
35
Q

who has responsibility for recalls?

A

FSANZ

36
Q

what are the two main policy areas in the AFI

A

national nutrition policy

trade policy

37
Q

what does the national nutriton policy focus on?

A
  • Prevention of overweight and obesity

- Increasing the consumption of vegetables and fruit

38
Q

what does the trade policy look at?

A

Exports are the movement of food products out of Australia. This benefits Australia by increasing the global market share of profits that come back to Australia.
Imports ate the movement of food products into Australia from other countries. This results in increased competition and increased product variety.
Food trade agreements (FTAs) are treaties between two or more countries that benefit Australian importers, exporters, producers and investors by reducing and eliminating certain barriers to international trade and investment. Australia participates in FTAs with individual and groups of countries.

39
Q

what are the three levels of gov?

A

fed
state
local

40
Q

e.g.s of federal legislation in AFI

A

food standards code aus and NZ 1991
imported food control act 2011
biosecurity act 2015
gene tech act

41
Q

e.g.s of state legislation in AFI

A

work health and safety act 2001
public health act 2017
NSW food act
fair trading act 1987

42
Q

local legislation e.g.s AFI

A

Structures and roles to ensure effective implementation of federal gov. legislation.

  • Appointment of environmental health officers (EHOs)
  • Codes for inspection of food and food premises
  • Codes for construction and alteration of food premises
43
Q

where is labelling requirements set out?

A

food standards code

44
Q

labelling legislation requires?

A
  • Labels must be legible of uniform size and in English
  • Foods must be labelled with an accurate name or description e.g. strawberry yoghurt must contain strawberries
  • Country of origin statement
  • Must be labelled if genetically modified
  • If the food has been genetically modified
  • Ingredients in descending order
45
Q

restrictions on labels?

A
  • No misleading trade names
  • No nutritional claims
  • No claims of therapeutic action
  • The word ‘pure’ may only be used with single-ingredient foods that contain no additives
  • The word ‘health’ must not be used

YR12 FOOD TECH (11 decks)

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