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Philosophy > Augustine's theodicy > Flashcards

Augustine's theodicy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

God is a perfect being

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2
Q

What is the second step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

God created a flawless world

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3
Q

How does Augustine support the second step of his theodicy?

A

Proof from Genesis - the Bible is the word of God.

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4
Q

What is the third step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

It is logically impossible for a perfect being to create an imperfect world.

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5
Q

What is the fourth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

Therefore, evil is not a creation, it is a privation (lack) of good.

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6
Q

What is the fifth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

God is not responsible for evil because it is not a creation.

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7
Q

What is the sixth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

Humans were created with free will because God is omnibenevolent - he wants humans to be moral agents.

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8
Q

What is the seventh step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

However, Adam and Eve followed the angels who abused their free will and they sinned as well. This brought moral evil into the world creating natural evil.

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9
Q

What is the eigth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

All suffering is either a consequence of God’s punishment for human abuse of free will or a consequence of abuse of free will.

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10
Q

What is the ninth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

We are seminally present in Adam, therefore everyone biologically inherits original sin

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11
Q

What is the tenth step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

God is benevolent and so sent Jesus to atone for human sins by dying on the cross.

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12
Q

What is the eleventh step of Augustine’s theodicy?

A

God would be justified in sending everyone to Hell due to original sin, but saves some people through Jesus’ atoning death because of His grace

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13
Q

How does Schleiermacher criticise Augustine’s theodicy?

A

A perfect world cannot go wrong. If it doesnt, then evil must have come from nothing and this is not logical. So either God did not create a perfect world or God enabled the world to go wrong - so God is not powerful enough to have created a perfect world.

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14
Q

What is the weakness of the first step?

A

Not everyone believes that God is a perfect being e.g. other religions (Augustine makes an assumption based on faith).

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15
Q

How does Mackie criticise the idea of evil as a privation of good?

A

Not every quality requires a lack of it to exist e.g. Red can exist without redness. So virtues could exist without a lack of them - bravery could exist without cowardliness - therefore good could exist without evil.

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16
Q

What is weak about saying evil is not a creation?

A

Adam and Eve disobeyed God, showing that there was knowledge of evil, proving that evil existed before they disobeyed. God must have created evil.

17
Q

How does Phillips criticise the view that humans were created with free will because God is omnibenevolent?

A

Love can never be shown by enabling suffering to happen.

18
Q

How does Mackie criticise the view that humans were created with free will because God is omnibenevolent?

A

Could God not have just given people the choice between two goods.

19
Q

How does Paul dispute the idea that natural evil was caused by human sin?

A

Argues the vast majority of prenatal and post natal child deaths are to do with nature and not humans e.g. miscarriage, disease, floods. So not all natural evil can be blamed on human abuse of free will

20
Q

How does Dostoevsky respond to Augustine’s view that suffering is caused by free will?

A

He argues that free will is not worth the price of the suffering that comes from it.

21
Q

How does Augustine support God’s omnipotence?

A

God is omnipotent and so can create a perfect world.

22
Q

What challenges are there to God’s omnipotence?

A

Did not have the power to create the world so there was not a lack of evil.
God could not create free will without evil being a bye product/consequence.
God couldn’t stop the Adam and Eve sinning and the natural order becoming upset.

23
Q

How does Augustine support God’s benevolence?

A

Evil is not his creation as God is loving
God did not create evil, would not have wanted it so is not responsible for it.
If God is benevolent, he must punish people for abusing their free will so suffering as a consequence of God’s punishment is justified.
Atonement - does rescue those with faith

24
Q

How is God’s benevolence challenged?

A

Surely if God was loving, God would not want sin to be passed on
God chooses who goes to Heaven, which is inconsistent and unloving.

Philosophy (24 decks)

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