Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Written Comps Year 1 > Auditory science main > Flashcards

Auditory science main Flashcards

1
Q

four things, in isolation or in combination, that generally happen when a sound wave encounters obstacles or barriers?

A
  1. Absorption: sound is diminished due to a barrier.
  2. Reflection: when sound bounces off of a barrier.
  3. Transmission: when sound goes from one medium to another.
  4. Distortion: sound changes based on the obstacles.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sound is diminished due to a barrier.

A

Absorption:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when sound bounces off of a barrier

A

Reflection:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when sound goes from one medium to another

A

Transmission:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sound changes based on the obstacles.

A

Distortion:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SNR calculation

A

Signal- noise =SNR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diotic

A

Same signal to both ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Monotic

A

One ear listing with one ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dichotic

A

Same signal to both ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides/two side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Binaural

A

2 ear listening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

first audiologist

A

CC Bunch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is considered the. critical period for language?

A

Birth to 3 is the critical learning period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Example of fluancy disorder

A

stutter & cluttering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

5 variables that will affect speech and language development in children with hearing loss

A

Age of HL onset

Age of identification

Type/degree/configuration of loss

Early intervention

Auditory experience (input=output)

Expressive language skills

Use of sensory aids

Cognition

Mode of communication

Comorbid conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

All of these sounds should be present/mastered by age 3 according to Sanders (1972) (select all that apply):
/r/
/l/
/p/
/b/
All of these

A

p b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

semantics

A

Meaning, content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What hearing threshold level is considered normal for children? Why (what listening situations do they struggle with)?

A

15db. peech in noise, reverberation and talker variability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pragmatics

A

Use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

syntax

A

form, grammar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name two motor speech disorders

A

dysarthria & apraxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Caused by a stroke or other CVA
Fluent/fluid language disorder where the patient does not comprehend questions
Damage to the temporal lobe

A

wernicke’s aphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Caused by a stroke or other CVA Damage to the frontal lobe
Non-fluent expressive disorder where the patient knows what they want to say but can’t or requires tremendous effort to do so

A

brocas aphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Labial, dental, palatal, velar, glottal

A

Place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Vocal fold vibration
Voicing
25
Stop, fricative, affricate, nasal, glide
MAnner of articulation
26
Historically, what has been the typical reading level of a deaf child using hearing aids in a mainstream classroom or that attends a Deaf school?
4th grade
27
What are some features or concerns of a child with a unilateral hearing loss (UHL)? select all that apply: Hears well in quiet Difficulty localizing sounds Difficulty hearing in background noise More attentive in class All of the above apply to UHL
Hears well in quiet Difficulty localizing sounds Difficulty hearing in background noise
28
Approximately what grade-level do children go from "learning to read", to "reading to learn"?
3rd grade
29
errors of teeth, tongue, cheek placement/inability to correctly form the sounds of words
Articualtion disorders
30
child struggles to understand the sound system and the rules surrounding speech
Phonological disorder
31
stuttering/cluttering
fluency disorder
32
polyps/nodules of the vocal folds
voice/resonance disorders
33
planning (apraxia & dysarthria)
motor speech disorders
34
Dynamic assessment
Test, teach and retest Assess them doing task, then teach them how to do the task, reassessed them doing the task after being taught
35
Narrative sampling
have patient reading from passage, telling a story allows them more natural speech.
36
Why is dynamic assessment and narrative, sampling helpful?
Helpful in acquiring more realistic and accurate representation of if disorder or difference (language)
37
Frontal lobe damage
Broca aphasia
38
Temporal lobe neurological diosorder
Wernicke's apahsia
39
Increase stinfess
Rate of vibration will increase Increases HF Decreases LF
40
INcrease mass
Rate of vibration will decrease Increases LF Decreases HF
41
Basic Quantities:
are independent; time, length (distance), mass (quantity of matter)
42
Derived Quantities
is the result of various combinations of base or other derived. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, pressure, momentum, work, power, or intensity.
43
Scalar
all things that do not include direction and can be produced with simple math
44
Vector
quantities include direction and can be produced using more complex math (Vector Analysis)
45
Periodic:
Tonal Comprised of harmonics Single pure tone
46
Aperodic
Comprised of frequencies that have no particular mathematical relationship to each other Noise
47
Pressure
Force per unit area; measured at a particular location away from the source
48
Power
Work per unit time; property of the sound source
49
Intensity
Power per unit area; describes the flow of the sound
50
What are harmonics?
Harmonics are each of the individual frequencies present in a harmonic complex.
51
what are the five things that you need to decide on ahead of time when measuring a threshold of some kind?
1. Method that is going to be used 2. Starting point 3. Step size 4. Stopping point 5. How threshold will be defined and calculated
52
Test assesses the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli that vary in sound pressure.
Differential sensitivity
53
Test assesses the least amount of sound pressure level at which a subject responds 50% of the time.
Absolute sensitivity
54
two characteristics that must be present for something to vibrate?
Mass: a quantity of matter is present Elasticity: the property that enables recovery from distortion to either shape or volume (some argue that elasticity is more accurately defines as the ability to resist changes in shape of volume)
55
four scenarios where sound encounters a barrier or an opening within a barrier
Barrier is small relative to the wavelength Sound will scatter around the barrier and fill in behind it Barrier is large relative to the wavelength There will be an acoustic shadow on the other side of the barrier Opening is small relative to the wavelength The sound will pass through the opening and scatter as if a new sound was produced Opening is large relative to the wavelength The sound will pass through the opening with not change
56
Barrier is small relative to the wavelength
Sound will scatter around the barrier and fill in behind it
57
Barrier is large relative to the wavelength
There will be an acoustic shadow on the other side of the barrier
58
Opening is small relative to the wavelength
The sound will pass through the opening and scatter as if a new sound was produced
59
Opening is large relative to the wavelength
The sound will pass through the opening with not change
60
Place model
Pitch is perceived based on maximum excitation along the basilar membrane. Based on spectral representation of the stimulus (information contained in the spectrum).
61
Temporal Model
Based on the waveform of the stimulus. Bundles of auditory nerve fibers fire at the compression phase of a signal, giving the brain a cue for the period of the signal.
62
Upward spread of masking
Upward spread of masking is where low frequencies mask higher frequencies better than high frequencies masking low.
63
Admittance
Admittance Describes the ear with which energy flows
64
Impedance
Impedance Describes the opposition to energy flow
65
Immittance
Immittance General term describing the flow of energy
66
what kind of filtering was applied to generate these noise
67

Written Comps Year 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions