audition

Question 1

The height of a wave; in
audition, _______ is
perceived as loudness.

Answer 1

Amplitude

Question 2

refers to the number of cycles per unit of
time, or the wavelength, of a sound
stimulus.

Answer 2

Frequency

Question 3

Human hearing ranges from approximately

Answer 3

20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

Question 4

refers to frequencies below the range of human hearing. Many animals, including elephants and marine mammals, use infrasound for communication.

Answer 4

Infrasound

Question 5

refers to stimuli with frequencies beyond the upper
range of human hearing. Ultrasound waves are used to clean
objects or to produce noninvasive images for medical purposes

Answer 5

Ultrasound

Question 6

• sound characterized by a single frequency.

Answer 6

Pure tone

Question 7

• distinct quality of a sound due to
  combinations of frequencies.

Answer 7

Timbre

Question 8

-unsystematic combinations of sound
waves.

Answer 8

Noise

Question 9

Human beings can perceive sounds that vary in intensity by a factor of over 10 billion,from the quietest sounds detectable to a jetengine at takeoff.

Answer 9

Intensity

Question 10

Intensity is measured as

Answer 10

decibel (dB)

Question 11

• A unit used to express a
  difference in intensity between two
  sounds, equal to 20 times the common logarithm of the ratio of the two levels.

Answer 11

Decibel (dB)

Question 12

The ear is divided into three parts:

Answer 12

outer ear

middle ear

inner ear

Question 13

parts of the outer ear

Answer 13

the pinna and the auditory canal.

Question 14

It serves to collect and focus sounds, just like a funnel.

Plays an important role in locating the source of sound. Movement of the pinna allows some species to further localize sound or to indicate emotional states, as when a dog puts its ears back while snarling

Answer 14

pinna

Question 15

A tube-shaped structure in the outer ear that leads to
the tympanic membrane.

It is about 3 cm (- 1.18 inches) long and about 7 mm (-
0.28 inches) wide

Sounds collected by the pinna is chaneled through

Answer 15

Auditory Canal

Question 16

parts of The Middle Ear

Answer 16

the
tympanic membrane, oval window, and ossicles

Question 17

The membrane separating
the outer and middle ears;
also known as the eardrum

Answer 17

Tympanic membrane

Question 18

The membrane
separating the middle
and inner ears.

Answer 18

Oval window

Question 19

The bones that span the middle ear, including the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup)

The purpose of these bones is to transfer sound energy from the outside air to the fluid in the inner ear without losing too much of it.

Answer 19

Ossicles

Question 20

parts of the inner ear

Answer 20

semicircular
canals (a part of the
vestibular system) and
cochlea (“snail” in
greek)

Question 21

The fluid-filled ________
contains specialized receptor
cells that respond to the
vibrations transmitted to the
inner ear.

Answer 21

cochlea

Question 22

The cochlea is divided into three parallel chambers:

Answer 22

vestibular canal

tympanic canal

Cochlear duct

Question 23

The vestibular and tympanic canals contain a fluid known as

Answer 23

perilymph

Question 24

The middle of three chambers of the cochlea.
Conntains the fluid called endolymph (they are reach in potassium)

Answer 24

Cochlear duct

Question 25

A membrane that separates the vestibular canal and cochlear duct.

Answer 25

Reissner’s membrane

Question 26

Structure in the cochlea that separates the tympanic canal and the cochlear duct.

Answer 26

Basilar membrane

Question 27

A membrane covering the end of the tympanic canal.

Answer 27

Round window

Question 28

A structure within the cochlear duct responsible for transducing vibrations in the inner ear into action potentials or neural messages

Answer 28

Organ of Corti

Question 29

Auditory receptor cells located near the junction of the tectorial membrane and cochlear duct.

Answer 29

Inner hair cells

Question 30

Auditory receptor cells located on the Organ of Corti that amplify sound.

Answer 30

Outer hair cells

Question 31

Microscopic hair-like projections from a cell.

Answer 31

Cilia

Question 32

The nerve that makes contact with the hair cells of the cochlea.

Answer 32

Cranial Nerve VIII

Question 33

Cortex located just below the lateral fissure in the temporal lobe that provides the initial cortical processing of auditory information.

Answer 33

Primary auditory cortex (A I)

Question 34

Areas surrounding Al in the temporal lobe that process complex sound stimuli.

Answer 34

Secondary auditory cortex

Question 35

neurons responding to one frequency are located next to neurons responding to similar frequencies

Answer 35

Pitch Perception

Question 36

Neurons responding to one frequency are located next to neurons responding to similar frequencies.

Answer 36

Tonotopic organization

Question 37

Decibels describe the physical qualities of the sound stimulus, whereas loudness is the human perception of that stimulus.

Answer 37

Loudness Perception

Question 38

Distinctions between arrival times of sound at each ear are made by neurons in the superior olive.

Answer 38

Localization of Sounds

Question 39

Hearing loss due to problems in the outer or middle ears; treated with the use of hearing aids.

Answer 39

Conduction loss

Question 40

Hearing loss due to immobilization of the ossicles of the middle ear.

Answer 40

Otosclerosis

Question 41

arrays inserted in the cochlea to treat hearing loss due to damaged inner ear hair cells

Answer 41

Cochlear prosthetics Electrode