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AARALIN FOR PRACTICAL CC WEEK 1 > Aubf Urine > Flashcards

Aubf Urine Flashcards

1
Q

SPECIMEN COLLECTION/HANDLING:

A
  • Disposable, wide-mouthed, and flat-bottom containers ( screw cup )
  • Clear containers and at least 50mL capacity
  • bags for pediatrics and large plastic containers for 24-hour specimens
  • Wear gloves when working with urine
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2
Q

SPECIMEN LABELING:

A
  • Information on label:
    o Patient’s name, ID number, date, time
    o Additional information: age, location, physician
  • Place label on container, not lid
  • Requisition form: must accompany specimen
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3
Q

SPECIMEN REJECTION:

A

• Unlabeled containers
• Non-matching labels and requisitions
• Contaminated specimens – feces, paper
• Contaminated containers
• Insufficient quantity
• Delayed or improper transport

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4
Q

Urine examination has been performed for many years as the diagnostic tool for many pathologic conditions by medical practitioners.

A

Urinalysis

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5
Q

Urinalysis It provides initial information on the health status of the patient based on the following parameters:

A

urine odor, color, transparency, pH, specific gravity, and volume

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6
Q

is the ultrafiltrate of the plasma, it gives evaluation to the status of the kidney.

A

Urine

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7
Q

3 parts of urine examination:

A

Physical examination – provides initial
information of the health status
Chemical examination
Microscopic examination

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8
Q

Parameter of urine

A

Odor
Urine color
Transparency
Clarity
pH
Specific gravity

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9
Q

Freshly voided urine has a faint odor of aromatic compounds.

A

Odor

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10
Q

becomes predominant as the specimen stands.

A

Ammoniacal odor

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11
Q

Certain conditions produced unusual odors like bacterial infection which has ________,__________, and ___________which produces sweet or fruity odor.

A

foul, pungent odor and diabetic ketosis

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12
Q

The normal color of urine is

A

Yellow

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13
Q

It may vary from light yellow to amber color depending on the concentration of the pigment

A

Urochrome

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14
Q

There are factors that cause variation in urine color

A

diet, physical activity, medication, and disease

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15
Q

Urine colors:

A

orange, yellow-green, green, pink, red, and black

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16
Q

normal yellow urine may also contain analyte that signifies a disease such as _______, ____________ and others

A

glucose, ketones

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17
Q

is the general term pertaining to the clarity of the specimen.

A

Transparency (appearance)

18
Q

It is determined by visually examining the mixed specimen while holding it in front of light source.

A

Transparency

19
Q

Common terms used to report the appearance of urine are:

A

Clear, hazy, slightly cloudy, turbid, and milky.

20
Q

Freshly voided normal urine is usually

A

Clear

21
Q

No visible particulates, transparent

A

Clear

22
Q

Few particulates, print easily seen through urine

A

Hazy

23
Q

Many particulates, print blurred through urine

A

Cloudy

24
Q

Print cannot be seen through urine.

A

Turbid

25
Q

May precipitate or be clotted

A

Milky

26
Q

four most common substances that cause turbidity aside from amorphous crystals are

A

WBC, RBC, epithelial cells, and bacteria

27
Q

It is the reflection of the ability of the kidney to maintain normal hydrogen ion concentration in plasma and extracellular fluid.

A

pH

28
Q

Normal adults with normal fluid intake will produce urine with a specific gravity of __________to ________during a 24 hours period.

A

1.016 to 1.022

29
Q

SPECIFIC GRAVITY:
Water:
Solute:

A

Water: 95%
Solute: 5%

30
Q

Methods used to Measure Specific Gravity

A

Refractometry
Reagent Strip
Hydrometry

31
Q

It is based on the measurement of the refractive index of a solution which is related to the content of dissolved solids present.

A

Refractometry

32
Q

Refractometry
Tool or equipment :
Principle:

A

Tool or equipment : refractometer
Principle: refractive index

33
Q

Specific gravity of distilled water in
Refractometer

A

1.00

34
Q

It is an indirect colorimetric determination of the specific gravity. The method detects only the ionic solutes present in the urine specimen.

A

Reagent strip

35
Q

Reagent strip principle:

A

Principle: indirect colorimetric determination of the specific gravity

36
Q

It is based on the determination of urine’s density at room temperature.

A

Hydrometry

37
Q

Hydrometry
Tool or equipment:
Principle:

A

Tool or equipment: Urinometer (hydrometer)
Principle: density

38
Q

Hydrometer Sink to a level of __________in distilled water

A

1.000

39
Q

Hydrometer reading is in

A

Read at lower meniscus

40
Q

Examination or test used in pH

A

Litmus paper
Nitrazine paper
Reagent strip specific gravity

41
Q

In refractometer 1 drop of urine is ul

A

20 ul

AARALIN FOR PRACTICAL CC WEEK 1 (4 decks)

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