Atypical Cervical Vertebrae C2 Epistropheus/Axis Flashcards
What names are given to C2
axis or epistropheus
What unique vertebral body modification is characteristic of C2
the dens or odontoid process
how many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2
5
What joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2
facet for fovea dentis
groove for transverse atlantal ligament
attachment sites for the 2 alar ligaments
attachment site for the apical-dental ligament
Which joint classifications are represented at the odontoid process of C2
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis synovial piviot (diarthrosis trochoid) joint
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies above the groove for transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior
lordotic dens
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for the fovea dentis lies below the the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior
kyphotic dens
how many joints are formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2
5
What joint classifications are present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
how many joint surfaces are present at the vertebral body of C2
10
What joint classifications are present at the vertebral body of C2
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
synovial piviot (diarthrosis trochoid)
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
What ligaments will attach posteriorly to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2
membrana tectoria and posterior longitudinal ligament
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2
membrana tectoria
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2
posterior longitudinal ligament
What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2
superior articular process
What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2
on the lamina pedicle junction
What attaches to the lamina of C2
obliquus capitis inferior muscle
posterior atlanto-axial ligament
ligamentum flavum
What muscle attaches to the lamina of C2
obliquus capitis inferior
What is the facet orientation of of the superior articular facet of C2
BUL backward upward and lateral
What is the facet orientation of the inferior articular facet of C2
FoLD foreward lateral and down
What muscle attaches to the articular processes of C2
longissimus cervicis
What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2
Costal element
posterior tubercle
true transverse process
What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2
males 57 mm
females 50 mm
What muscles attache to the transverse process at C2
levator scapulae middle scalene splenius cervicis longissimus cervicis intertransversarii
What is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process in humans
Bifid
What muscles attach to the spinous process of C2
Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior spinalis cervicis semispinalis cervicis multifidis rotators and interspinalis muscles
