Attitudes, Social Cognition And Interpersonal Processes Flashcards
Factors that lead to interpersonal attraction.
Proximity, interpersonal rewards, similarity, physical attractiveness.
Physiological arousal and absorption in another person.
Passionate love
Deep affection and intimacy
Companionate love
Tactics used in selecting mates.
Sexual strategies
Behaviours that help other people with no apparent gain or with potential cost to oneself.
Altruism
The doctrine that all behaviour is designed to increase one’s pleasure or reduce one’s own pain.
Ethical hedonism
The phenomenon whereby people do not help in a crisis when they are in the presence of other people.
Bystander effect
People act in ways that maximise their inclusive fitness and are more likely to behave altruistically towards ____ than others.
Relatives
Verbal or physical behaviour aimed at harming another person or living being.
Aggression
The effects of the presence of others on the way people think, feel and behave.
Social influence
Compliance with authority.
Obedience
Changing attitudes or behaviour to accommodate the standards of peers or a group.
Conformity
The principle that asserts that people have a compelling need to return what has been done to them.
Principle of reciprocity
The principle that asserts that people need to behave consistently with prior impressions that other people have made of them.
Principle of commitment
The principle that asserts that we do things for people we like out of a sense of obligation so that they will continue to like us in return.
Principle of liking
The theory that considers reward to be the reciprocal foundation of relationships.
Social exchange theory
The theory that people pattern their adult love relationships on the mental models they constructed of earlier attachment relationships.
Attachment
According to cognitive-social theories, the roots of aggressive behaviour lie in social —-
Rewards and punishments
The theory that personal variables interact with situational inputs to determine aggressive output.
General aggression model (GAM)
People lose their individual identities in a crowd and lose their ability to judge right from wrong.
Deindividuation
Implicit and explicit expectations in which false impressions of a situation evoke behaviour, that in turn, make these impressions become true.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
The presence of other people hurting or helping performance.
Social facilitation
The theory that other people exert less effort in a group.
Social loafing
Tasks in which there is a single yes/no answer.
Disjunctive task
A group movement towards a decision that is at the extreme position.
Group polarisation
Where people tend to be clustered together to be viewed more favourably by members of the group.
Group cohesiveness
When members of a group make decisions based on maintaining group harmony rather than on a critical analysis of a situation.
Groupthink
When we intentionally make a request that we know will be turned down, so that when we back down from our request, the other individual should reciprocate with a concession.
Foot in the door technique
When you get another person to make a commitment to a request, and then they change the conditions of the request.
Low balling
The idea that helping relieves the negative feelings aroused through empathy with a person in distress.
Empathic distress
The theory that altruism is an adaptive strategy of the benefits to survival and reproduction outweigh the risks over time.
Reciprocal altruism
In relationships, people consider the likely reciprocal reward to be the foundation of a relationship, with both partners wanting to maximise the value of their mate.
Social-exchange theory
The phenomenon in which the presence of other people leads to a diminished sense of personal responsibility to act.
Diffusion of responsibility
Hypothesis that states that aggressive behaviour arises from frustrated needs or desires.
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
