Attitudes Flashcards
1
Q
Characteristics of attitudes?
A
- beliefs that are subjective and evaluative
- positive or negative
- stable and enduring
- developed through experience
- linked to situation or items
2
Q
3 aspects of the Triadic model?
A
- cognitive: beliefs and thoughts
- affective: emotional response
- behavioural: intended behaviour to object
3
Q
How is an attitude formed?
A
- experience
- availability
- classical conditioning: pleasant or unpleasant feeling associated
- operant conditioning: positive or negative reinforcement
- socialisation
- peer and social groups
- culture and social classes
4
Q
Factors that cause negative attitudes?
A
- negative experience
- fear of failure
- fear of injury
- negative role models
- high task difficulty
- low self-efficacy
- lack of support
- cultural beliefs
- low status of activity in society
- stereotypical images (race)
5
Q
How to measure attitude?
A
- Interviews
- questionnaires: thruston scale, Likert scale, osgoods semantic differential scale
- observation
- physiological response
6
Q
Explain the 3 different questionnaires
A
Thurston scale - statements covering range of opinions to attitude object -favour or unfavour on 11 point scale Likert scale -statements on scale of 5 -total gives overall attitude Osgood's semantic differential scale -7 step rating based on two opposing adjectives -select point which reflects feelings
7
Q
How to change attitudes?
A
- persuasive communication
- create cognitive dissonance: if two attitude components can be made to oppose each other, emotional discomfort occurs, change of attitude to create comfort again
8
Q
How to change components of an attitude?
A
Cognitive- education
Affective- positive experience
Behavioural- reinforcement
9
Q
What are attitudes?
A
Ideas charged with emotion which pre-disposes a class of actions to a particular social situation
