Attitudes Flashcards
Deterrence Middle Ages
Make people scared of punishments
Keep punishments public and harsh
Humiliation for criminals
Retribution Middle Ages
Revenge for family
An eye for an eye
Keeping order Middle Ages
Authorities were keen to maintain order and avoid unrest
Early modern attitudes
Continued from Middle Ages
Increase in crime meant more public punishments
Humiliation - stocks
Prisons temporarily held prisoners
Elizabeth poor laws introduced houses of correction
Transportation industrial
Major attitude change
Banishing criminals instead of death sentence
Workers needed for new colony
People believed bloody code was unfair
Attitude change industrial
People believed punishments should take place inside prisons
Criminals should be reformed
Gaols act
Improved security and sanitation and tried to bring order to prison system
Separate and silent introduced
1823
Prisons increased use industrial
Bloody code abolished to 5 crimes
Lead to more prison use, overcrowding
penal servitude act
All prisoners should experience hard labour
Deterrence using harsh methods after separate and silent failed
1865
Retribution modern
Prisoners should not do hard labour, be locked in solitary cells and not have visitors
Rehabilitation modern
Prisoners should be helped to change attitudes and behaviours through counselling
Teaching criminals new skills to return to society
Treating addiction
Dealing with young offenders modern
Reform schools for 10-15
1908 Borstals focused on discipline and authority
Borstals replaced with detention centres, military discipline- reoffending increased to 75%
ASBOs were introduced and tagging
New attitude to young offenders modern
Encouraged self respect and discipline
Public attitudes turned against inflicting pain
Abolition of the death sentence
Timothy Evan’s- hung for murders he did not commit
Derek Bentley- hung for murder carried out by accomplice
Ruth Ellis- hung for murder of her husband
Abolition of death penalty 1969
Abolished hanging for any crime
