Attitude and Attitude change Flashcards
What is an attitude?
A relatively enduring organisation of beliefs, feelings and behavioural tendencies towards socially significant objects, events or symbols.
What are the parts of the ABC model?
Affective - Expression of feelings towards an attitude objects.
Classical conditioning
Instrumental conditioning - operant conditioning
What is meant by the self-perception theory?
Gain knowledge of ourselves by making self-attributions - infer attitudes from our behaviour.
What are the 4 functions of attitudes?
Knowledge - organise and predict social world.
Utilitarian - help people achieve positive outcomes and avoid negative ones.
Ego-defence - protecting one’s self.
Value expressive - Facilitates expression of one’s core values and self concept.
How are attitudes revealed?
Self-report and experimental paradigms - attitude scales, implicit associations.
Physiological measures
Measures of overt behaviour - Frequency of behaviour, Trends, non-verbal
What is meant by the theory of planned behaviour?
tries to explain circumstances where attitudes try to predict behaviour.
- whats the attitude towards the behaviour.
- subjective norm - expectation
- perceived behavioural norm - LOC - internal vs external.
What is meant by cognitive dissonance?
Unpleasant state of psychological tension generates when a person has 2 or more cognitions that are inconsistent or do not fit together.
What is the elaboration likelihood model?
Depending on circumstances we are more/less likely to cognitively elaborate on persuasive material.
What are the 2 routes of the elaboration likelihood model?
Central route - message is followed closely considerable cognitive effort is expanded - occurs when the quality of argument is strong.
Peripheral route - arguments are not well attended to - low effort - peripheral cues are used to capture attention
What is meant by the heuristic-systematic model?
Sytematic processing: The message is attended to carefully; scan and consider available arguments.
heuristic processing - use cognitive heuristics such as ‘stats don’t lie’
