attachment paper 1 Flashcards
what is an attachment
strong emotional bond between two people usually between an infant and a caregiver which is reciprocal 2 way relationship .
name 4 stage of attachment (schaffer )
indiscriminate attachment
beginning of attachment
discriminitate
multiple attachment
write down APRC of harlows and lorenz study1
Lorenz:
Procedures:1 group of gooslings raised in the incubator
1 group raised with the mother
Findings
The incubator group followed Lorenz wherever he went
Even after mixing them up
Conclusion:
The incubator group imprinted on him - first person they saw
Critical period : which imprinting must take place
Harlow monkey rhesus :
Procedure Harlow removed 16 baby rhesus and reared them with a surrogate mothers
1 mother was cover in wire
1 mother was cover in wire and cloth and heated
2 conditions
Wired mother dispersed milk
Cloth mother dispersed milk
Findings : the monkey rhesus spent most of its time with the cloth mother up to 20 hrs a day
The baby monkey seek comfort from the cloth mother
Monkeys deprived from the mother grew up to be less social, neglected and killed their own baby
Conclusion: baby monkeys have innate drive to seek contact comfort from their parents.
Attachment is formed through an emotional need for security rather than food
what are strenght and limitations of harlow studies
Limitations ethical issues such as psychological harm : monkey rhesus sufferer great psychological harm when due to separation from biological mother and the monkey were exposed great physical harm
Proceed with caution and should consider protection from harm
Issues of extrapolation
Humans have high order of thinking
Complex brain
Strengths :real world application
E :for example Howe states knowledge gained Harlow study has helped social workers in understanding lack of bonding may be risk factor in development of
Additionally pratical applications in captive wild zoos for breeding programme to ensure they have adequate attachment figure
what strength and limitations of lorenz study
what is reciprocity
when each person responds to another and elicits a response
e.g caregiver might respond to baby smiling and the baby might respond by giggling.
what is interactional synchrony
a mirrored response between a child and mother . mother smiles and baby smiles back
discuss the role of the father (AO1 and A03)
Outline the learning theory of attachment CC AND OC
Evaluate the learning theory of attachment with research evidence
outline Bowlby’s monotrophic theory of attachment
outline the strange situation (Ainsworth)
evaluate the strange situation
describe charachtertics of each attachment type
outline explaniations for individuals differences in attachemnt type ?