Attachment: Explanations Of Attachment - Bowlby’s Monotropic Theory Flashcards
ADAPTIVE: Bowlby suggests that attachment is ________[1] , it is ______ [2] in order to improve________ [3], therefore it is adaptive. Bowlby suggested infants are born ‘_________ [4]’ to attach and _______ [5] are also ‘programmed’ to attach.
[1] Innate
[2] inherited
[3] survival
[4] programmed
[5] parents
Bowlby proposed an example of how infants are adaptive is that they are born with what ?
Social releasers
What are some example of social releasers?
crying, button nose, big eyes, features that make them look ‘cute’
Why are social releasers important in attachment?
Social releasers trigger a nurturing instinct/response in a caregiver and ensures interaction takes place to form an attachment.
What is a ‘critical period’?
A specific time period for attachment in an infant to take place, usually within the first 2.5 years of life.
What if an attachment does not take place within the first 2.5 years of an infants life?
Attachment may not take place at all.
Why did Bowlby describe his theory as ‘Monotropic’?
Because he placed great emphasis on a child’s attachment to one caregiver.
Who did Bowlby believe is the most important attachment figure in the infants development?
The mother but it doesn’t have to be the biological mother
What is an internal working model?
The internal working model is a ‘mental representation’ (schema) that the infant forms of their relationship with their primary caregiver.
What does an internal working model serve as?
serves as a model/template for what relationships are like.
What do infants use with their attachment relationship with their caregiver?
Infant builds an expectation of what future relationships will be like.
TRUE OR FALSE: Bowlby believes that Internal Working Models are not passed on from one generation to the next.
FALSE.
ANSWER: Bowlby believes that Internal Working Models are passed on from one generation to the next - people base their parenting on their own experiences of being parented.
Complete the diagram by filling in box A and B
A: Child feels secure
B: Positive internal working model
Complete the diagram on internal by filling in box A and B.
A: Poor relationship with unresponsive primary caregiver
Insecure attachment
B: Child feels unworthy
What famous researcher can we use to support Bowlby’s monotropic theory?
Lorenz study on imprinting
What did Lorenz find that helps to support the monotropic theory?
Lorenz found a critical period of 12-17 hours in which imprinting has to take place otherwise it would not later.
RTS Monotropic theory: What did Hazen and Shaver’s ‘love quiz’ suggest about children who are securely attached?
They tend to have happy and long lasting relationships in later life.
What kind of system did Bowlby say attachment was?
An innate system
According to Bowlby why is attachment inherited?
To improve survival rate
What are crying, button nose, big eyes and features that make them look ‘cute’ examples of ?
Social releasers
What did Bowlby call attachment whereby great emphasis is placed on an infants attachment to one caregiver.
Monotropic
What did Bowlby say is a ‘mental representation’ that the child forms of their relationship with their primary caregiver.
Your Internal working model
If an infant was in a happy, loving, trusting relationship with their caregiver, how do they feel?
Secure
What kind of internal working model would a person with a secure attachment have?
Positive internal working model.
What kind of internal working model would a person with an insecure attachment have?
Negative internal working model
RTS: Hazan and Shaver created the ‘ ____ quiz’
Love
How does Hazan and Shaver’s love quiz support the internal working model?
First relationships with caregivers act as a template for future relationships
Shaffer and Emerson conducted a study that contradicts the monotropic theory. What did they conclude?
Children can have multiple attachments not just one like the monotropic theory suggests.
What researchers found that children can have multiple attachments not just one like the monotropic theory suggests.
Shaffer and Emerson
The monotropic theory suggests that the more time a infant spends with one main caregiver the better, name the 2 principles Bowlby put forward:
The law of continuity and the law of accumulated separation
What is meant by the law of continuity
The quality of an infants attachment will be better if they receive consistent and predictable care
What is meant by the law of accumulated separation
Having a substantial amount of time apart from the one main caregiver risks a poor quality attachment
RTS : what did Hazan and Shaver do?
Created the love quiz questionnaire which asked ppts (adults) questions which determined their attachment type (secure/insecure) aswell as their current relationships
