Attachment

Question 0

B.mices innate and reciprocal

Answer 0

Programming for an infant and parent to be attached-caregiver is internally programmed to respond to infants needs

Question 1

B.mices critical period

Answer 1

0-3yrs is when attachment can form

Question 2

Emotional relationship bmices

Answer 2

Attachment with CG serves as an internal working model that is the basis of all later rules and expections in relationships

Question 3

Strange situation findings-secure

Answer 3

Plays happily when CG is present, distressed when she’s gone;66%

Question 4

Strange situation

Answer 4

Mary ainsworth designed a controlled observation to measure the type of attachment between infant and caregiver, it has a series of episodes to distress child

Question 5

Strange situation findings-avoidant

Answer 5

Little or no concern when CG leaves, shows little preference for CG or stranger 22%

Question 6

Classical conditioning

Answer 6

Unconditioned stimulus-> unc response (CG and child-no response)
Neutral stimulus-> no response (Kid likes food but not mum)
NS and US-> child likes food from mum)
Condition stim-> condition response(child now likes mum)

Question 7

Bmices safety

Answer 7

Attachment results in a desire to retain proximity and therefore safety-distress if separated

Question 8

Bmices secure base

Answer 8

Attachment provides a base for infants to explore their surroundings, a securely attached child is more likely to wander than an insecurely attached one

Question 9

Monotropy Bmices

Answer 9

The bond with a care fiver is unique and differs from other attachments-tendency to only bond with 1 main person

Question 10

Secure attachment definition

Answer 10

strong attachment from infant to care giver, comfortable with interaction and intimacy

Question 11

4 types of bond disruption

Answer 11

Separation
Deprivation
Privation
Institutionalisation

Question 12

Rutters research

Answer 12

Researched romain orphans from bad institutions adopted in UK-did longitude studies to find out how they were doing-shows attachment can be made by kids who never had one

Question 13

Rutters findings

Answer 13

By age of 4 there were no significant differences between English and Romanian kids(b4 they had a lower IQ,were smaller)-kids adopted after 6 months didn’t grow as well and had trouble with attachments

Question 14

Rutters evaluation

Answer 14

:)the English comparison so they could be correctly assessed. recently done (good temporal validity). Low demand characteristics
:( are the findings due to deprivation of caregiver or poor conditions. Ungeneralisable.

Question 15

Privation(examples)

Answer 15

Failure to form an attachment (genie, Czech twins, hodges and tizard)

Question 16

Hodges and tizard evaluation

Answer 16

:) suggests good quality care can make a difference to emotional development of children later on, especially if there’s a loving family to adopt. And shows effects can be reversed
:(adopted children had problems outside the family(suggests privation can have affect on children’s social development

Question 17

Disadvantage to all privation studies

Answer 17

Small sample-hard to generalize

Question 18

Institutionalisation

Answer 18

When children are looked after somewhere other than a home-lots of the time have many changes in carers so it’s hard to form attachment

Question 19

Insecure attachment definition

Answer 19

Develops as a result of care givers lack of responding to infants needs

Question 20

Attachment theory and learning theory psychological approach

Answer 20

Evolutionary and behaviorist

Question 21

Attachment theory and learning theory processes

Answer 21

Innate(nature) and leaned (nurture)

Question 22

Support for and against learning theory

Answer 22

For:feral children(food)
Against: too simplistic-doesn’t take emotions into account. Harlow (monkeys). Schaffer and Emerson (39% of infants weren’t attached to feeders

Question 23

Deprivation

Answer 23

When attachment is broken

Question 24

Seperation

Answer 24

When they’re separated for a long time

Question 25

Separation example

Answer 25

Robertson and Bowlbys