Attachment

Question 1

Attachment

Answer 1

A two way emotional bond between two individuals in which both sees the other as essential for their own emotional security.

Question 2

Reciprocity

Answer 2

Describes how two people interact with each other, means two way e.g. how mother and baby respond to each other signals

Question 3

Interactional synchrony

Answer 3

Interaction that mother and baby have is coordinated, they mirror each other. Synchronised reactions.

Question 4

Primary caregiver

Answer 4

The parent with whom the child(ren) spend the majority of their time with.

Question 5

A social stage

Answer 5

0-6 weeks, infants respond to people and things with a positive reaction

Question 6

Indiscriminate attachment

Answer 6

Refers to the tendency of an individual to form attachments to any available caregiver or source of support regardless of quality or suitability of support.

Question 7

Specific attachment

Answer 7

Baby looks to particular people for security, comfort and protection. Shows fear of strangers and unhappiness when separated from ‘special person’.

Question 8

Multiple attachments

Answer 8

Attachments to two or more people. Most babies are able to form this.

Question 9

Stranger anxiety

Answer 9

Manifested by crying when an unfamiliar person approaches. Linked with infants developmental rash of distinguishing the familiar from the unfamiliar

Question 10

Separation anxiety

Answer 10

An exaggeration of otherwise developmentally typical anxiety manifested by excessive concern, worry and even dread of the actual or anticipated separation from attachment figure.

Question 11

Imprinting

Answer 11

Occurs when an animal forms an attachment to the first thing it sees upon hatching. (Lorenz)

Question 12

Ethology

Answer 12

The study of animal behaviour

Question 13

Sexual imprinting

Answer 13

Form of learned mate preference for a trait that an individual has observed in its population. Acquired during early stages of life.

Question 14

Critical period

Answer 14

The time during which a given behaviour is especially susceptible to, and requires specific environmental influences to develop normally

Question 15

Contact comfort

Answer 15

Sense of ease that an infant experiences when they are in physical contact with parental figures

Question 16

Learning theory

Answer 16

Behaviourist explanation that suggests that attachments develop through classical and/or operant conditioning.

Question 17

Cupboard love theory

Answer 17

The infant attaches to the caregiver who provides food (Harlow)

Question 18

Primary drive

Answer 18

Directly related to survival and include the need for food, water and oxygen.

Question 19

Secondary drive

Answer 19

Culturally determined or learned, such as the drive to obtain money, intimacy or social approval.

Question 20

Monotropic (theory)

Answer 20

Belief that infants are born with the innate need to create one main and special bond with their attachment figure.

Question 21

Law of continuity

Answer 21

Theory that people usually perceive objects so that a series of visual elements belong together, and form a continuous line or pattern

Question 22

Law of accumulated separation

Answer 22

For there to be no future problems and the attachment to be secure and healthy, there should be no separation between the mother and the infant.