Attachment

Question 1

What is interactional synchrony?

Answer 1

When 2 people interact, facial and body movements are mirrored - imitating the behaviour of the other person

Question 2

What is reciprocity?

Answer 2

Responding to one action with a similar action - the actions of one partner elicit a response from the other

Question 3

Name and outline a study that supports interactional synchrony

Answer 3

Meltzoff and Moore
- systematic study of 2-3 weeks old children
- adult model displayed 1 of 3 facial expressions and hand gestures in a sequence, and a dummy was put in the child’s mouth
- once dummy was removed, the baby’s expressions were recorded
- there was an association between infant behaviour and that of the adult model

Question 4

Name and outline a theory that supports reciprocity

Answer 4

Brazelton
- rhythm of reciprocity is a precursor to later communications
- sensitivity of reaction lays foundation for later attachment between caregiver and child (strong or weak?)

Question 5

What did Piaget believe about imitation prior to 1y/o? (Pseudo-imitation)

Answer 5

Any evidence of ‘imitation’ prior to the age of 1 is a form of ‘response training’ - operant conditioning leads the child to continue to imitate because they are rewarded (caregiver may smile in response), and true imitation only occurs after the age of 1