Atrial Fibrillation Flashcards
1
Q
what is a definition of AF?
A
An irregularly irregular heart rhythm and no P waves on ECG
2
Q
what are causes of AF?
A
alcohol and caffeine Thyrotoxicosis Rheumatic fever Ischaemic heart disease Atrial Myxoma Pulmonary hypertension/ pneumonia Electrolyte disturbancres Pharmacological Iatrogenic Hypertension
3
Q
what cardiac pathologies can cause AF?
A
Atrial Myxoma
Ischaemic heart disease
Mitral valve pathologies
4
Q
what are clinical features of AF?
A
Asymptomatic Palpitations Breathlessness on exertion lightheadedness Irregularly irregular pulse
5
Q
what are first line investigations for heart failure?
A
Bloods CXR ECG BNP ECHO
6
Q
what are second line investigations for heart failure?
A
Coronary angio
CT
7
Q
What CXR results are seen in left ventricular failure?
A
- prominent upper lobe vessels
- cardiomegaly
- pleural effusion
- kerley B lines
- alveolar oedema
