Atreya CH1 - Samkhya Darshana

Question 1

Darshana

Answer 1

literally “to see” - a way reality can be observed and studied (philosophy)

Question 2

TriGunas

Answer 2

Three main qualities of Prakriti that form the basis of all creation:

1. Sattva;
2. Rajas;
3. Tamas;

Question 3

1. Sattva

Answer 3

Enlightening and a cause for positive vibes;
Reflects knowledge.
Cosmic qualities: Purity, light, clarity, flexibility, harmony, virtue, luminous
Mental qualities: Creativity, flexibility, compassion, kindness, open, loving, caring, intelligent, humanitarian.
Development

Question 4

2. Rajas

Answer 4

Represents all movements and activities which occur in the body. Has to be in balance - if disturbed it can lead to outrageous thoughts and emotions like anger, over-anxiety and aggressiveness.
Cosmic qualities: Active, movement, dynamic, force, abrupt, distraction, impulse, turbulence, dispersing
Mental qualities: Direct, aggressive, motivated, goal seeking, angry, controlling
Dispersing

Question 5

3. Tamas

Answer 5

Balances and controls Rajas. Reflects slowness and calmness.
Cosmic qualities: Inertia, darkness, obscurity, rigid, fixed, dull, heavy, solid, obstructing, matter
Mental qualities: Delusion, dullness, stupidity, manipulating, violent, deceiving, dishonest, depression.
Degeneration

Question 6

Shaddarshanas

Answer 6

Six systems of Indian “Philosophy”

Question 7

Nyaya Darshana

Answer 7

Shaddarshana - 1
School of logic and epistemology (theory of knowledge) that defined the rules of debate, the canons of proof and accepted means of acquiring knowledge.
‘Materialistic’?

Question 8

Vaisesika Darshana

Answer 8

Shaddarshana - 2
Atomist school - analyzed reality into six categories: substance, quality, activity, generality, particularity and inherence. The universe is made up of nine kinds of substance:
‘Materialistic?’

Question 9

Causative factors or substances in the universe according to Vaisesika

Answer 9

1 - Akasha (ether);
2- Vayu (air);
3 - Tejas/Agni (fire);
4 - Apa (water);
5 - Prthivi (earth);
6 - Atman (individual soul, jivatman);
7 - Manas (mind);
8 - Kala (time);
9 - Dig (direction, space).

Question 10

Samkya Darshana

Answer 10

Shaddarshana - 3
Based on two basic metaphysical principles:
Purusha (Pure Consciousness) and Prakriti (Latent Matter)
Main vision used in Ayurveda

Question 11

Yoga Darshana

Answer 11

Shaddarshana -4
By Patanjali - accepts Samkhya metaphysiscs and Ishvara (individualized or personal God). Yoga defined as ‘cessation of consciousness or Moksha’ achieved through eight-stage discipline called Ashtangayoga.

Question 12

Purva Mimamsa Darshana

Answer 12

Shaddarshana - 5

Basis of Hindu ritualistic practices and pumas.

Question 13

Uttara Mimamsa / Vedanta Darshana

Answer 13

Shaddarshana -6
Concentrates on philosophical teachings of the Upanishads. Vedanta is a form of Jnana Yoga - it deals with individual who seeks path of discrimination.

Question 14

Tattva

Answer 14

Element or aspect of reality

Question 15

Samkhya - Tattva’s 24

Answer 15

0x Purusha - Pure consciousness
1x Prakriti - Latent matter - gives form to all things
1x Mahat - Cosmic mind
1x Ahamkara - Sense of I. in humans: Buddha
1x Manas - Individual mind
5x Tanmatra - potentials of matter
5x Panchamahabuhta - form comes into being - 5 elements
5x Jnanendriya - 5 Şenses
5x Karmendriya - 5 Expressions, motor organs

Question 16

Samkhya philosophy

Answer 16

Pure Consciousness is the origin of all creation and stays within the created manifestation all through the process of creation. Thus, all creation has a fragment of this Pure Consciousness and is therefore conscious. Creation is a continual process, perpetual movement and therefore not static or fixed.

Question 17

Purusha - Latent Consciousness + Primal qualities (3)

Answer 17

Rises from the unknowable substratum for no reason. Other name = 'Atman' or 'Brahman'. 
Existing as pure potential, unknowable.
Primal qualities: Satcitanand
1. Sat (Beingness)
2. Chit (Consciousness)
3. Ananda (Blissfulness

Question 18

Prakriti - Latent matter + Main qualities (3)

Answer 18

Causal. Purusha needs a partner to manifest. Actual source of the material manifestation. Feminine in nature (Nature itself).
Other name = Shakti
Main qualities - TriGunas - Sattva, Rajas and Tamas

Question 19

Maya

Answer 19

Non-reality or illusion; what Prakriti is and Purusha rules

Question 20

Mahat - Cosmic Mind

Answer 20

Union of pure consciousness (Purusha) with pure creative energy (Prakriti) gives birth to the universal mind. the cosmic principle of intelligence. Mahat is born from the three Gunas of Prakriti, spec. rajas. No concept of individual, only unity.

Question 21

Ahamkara - Sense of “I”

Answer 21

Development of the individualized concept - the individual comes into being. Human development through Buddhi.

Question 22

Buddhi

Answer 22

Buddhi, or intellect, does not exist in other forms of life. It is the Buddhi, or reasoning mind, which separates the human being from the animal kingdom.

Question 23

Manas - Individual Mind

Answer 23

Manas is comparable to our whole psychology. Influenced directly by the senses and outer environment.

Question 24

Tanmatras

Answer 24

‘Primal measure’ or ‘Root cause’
Five-fold division of subtle matter - subtle form comes into existence.
Division of Prana as it becomes more dense or solid

Question 25

Panchamahabhuta

Answer 25

'Five States of Matter'
From comes into being. 
Space - Ether
Movement - Wind
Heat - Fire
Liquid - Water
Solid - Earth

Question 26

Jnanendiryani

Answer 26

'Five forms of Reception' - 5 Sense organs
Ether - Sound - Ears
Wind - Touch - Skin
Fire - Sight - Eyes
Water - Taste - Tongue
Earth - Smell - Nose

Question 27

Karmendriyas

Answer 27

'Five forms of Expression' - 5 Motor organs
Ether - Speech/Mouth
Air - Grip or Hold/Hands
Fire - Motion/Feet
Water - Emission/Urino-Genital
Earth - Elimination/Anus

Question 28

Schedule Samkhya View of Creation

Answer 28

Blz 13 Atreya

Question 29

Table of Relationships

Answer 29

Blz 12 Atreya