ATP

Question 1

what is catabolism

Answer 1

breaking down complex molecules to simpler ones, releasing energy

Question 2

what is anabolism

Answer 2

makes complex molecules from simpler ones

Question 3

what does ATP stand for

Answer 3

adenosine triphosphate

Question 4

what does ADP stand for

Answer 4

adenosine diphosphate

Question 5

what is the pentose sugar in ATP and ADP

Answer 5

ribose

Question 6

what does ‘universal energy currency’ mean

Answer 6

used in all living cells and is used to provide energy for nearly all chemical reactions

Question 7

ADP + ? –> ATP

Answer 7

Phosphate group

Question 8

what type of reaction is it when energy is required to combine ADP and phosphate to form ATP

Answer 8

endergonic (energy is stored in the molecule) - condensation reaction

Question 9

what type of reaction is it when energy is required to break down ATP to form phosphate and ADP

Answer 9

exergonic - hydrolysis reaction

Question 10

give 2 ways ATP is produced

Answer 10

• photosynthesis (through light energy)
• respiration (through chemical energy in glucose)

Question 11

what’s the enzyme that produces ATP

Answer 11

ATP synthase

Question 12

what enzyme breaks down ATP

Answer 12

ATPase

Question 13

give 4 advantages of using ATP

Answer 13

• only one enzyme is needed to break down ATP and release energy
• only one enzyme is needed to combine ADP and Pi to store energy
• a small amount of energy (30.5kJ/mol) is released so less energy is wasted
• energy release is controlled (released where and when it is needed)