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3.1 Biological molecules- A-level bio AQA > ATP > Flashcards

ATP Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the actual name of ATP ?

A

adenosine tri phosphate

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2
Q

what is ATP ?

A

ATP is an immediate source of energy for biological processes

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3
Q

what kind of reactions in cells must have a constant and steady supply of ATP ?

A

metabollic reactions in cells

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4
Q

what is ATP a derivative of ?

A

ATP is a nucleotide derivative

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5
Q

what does ATP contain ?

A

it contains 3 phosphate ions

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6
Q

what do the phosphate ions play a significant role in ?

A

they play a significant role in energy transfer and this molecule is essential to metabolism

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7
Q

what is meant by metabolism ?

A

all of the chemical reactions that take place in a cell

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8
Q

What is ATP compromised of / made up of ?

A
  • adenine ( a nitrogenous base )
  • a ribose sugar ( pentose sugar )
  • 3 inorganic phosphate groups
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9
Q

what is meant by a nitrogenous base ?

A

a base containing nitrogen

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10
Q

draw the structure of ATP

A

from notes

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11
Q

why are the phosphate groups described as inorganic ?

A

because they do not contain any carbon atoms

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12
Q

what is the symbol in chemical equations for an inorganic phosphate ?

A

Pi

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13
Q

draw the shape of an ATP molecule

A

rectangle - pentagon - 3 circles
- notes

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14
Q

How is ATP made ?

A

ATP is made during respiration from ADP by the addition of an inorganic phosphate via a condensation reaction and using the enzyme ATP synthase

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15
Q

what is ADP is word form ?

A

adenosine diphosphate

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16
Q

How does ATP release energy ?

A

ATP can be hydrolysed into ADP + Pi using an enzyme called ATP hydrolase

17
Q

what is the word equation for the hydrolysis of ATP ?

A

ATP + water —-> ADP + Pi (energy)

18
Q

what happens when ATP is hydrolysed to release energy ?

A

by breaking 1 of the bonds between the inorganic phosphate groups in a hydrolysis reaction. It releases a small amount of energy to the surroundings which can be used in chemical reactions

19
Q

because only 1 bond has to be hydrolysed to release energy, what does this give ATP the property of being ?

A

it allows ATP to be an immediate energy source

20
Q

what can ATP also transfer energy to ?

A

ATP can also transfer energy to different compounds

21
Q

how can ATP transfer energy to different compounds ?

A

the inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP can be bonded onto different compounds to make them more reactive

22
Q

what is it called when you bond an inorganic phosphate to a different compound to make them more reactive ?

A

phosphorylation

23
Q

when does phosphorylation occur in respiration ? and why ?

A

phosphorylation happens to glucose at the start of respiration to make it more reactive

3.1 Biological molecules- A-level bio AQA (10 decks)

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