ATP Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the actual name of ATP ?
adenosine tri phosphate
what is ATP ?
ATP is an immediate source of energy for biological processes
what kind of reactions in cells must have a constant and steady supply of ATP ?
metabollic reactions in cells
what is ATP a derivative of ?
ATP is a nucleotide derivative
what does ATP contain ?
it contains 3 phosphate ions
what do the phosphate ions play a significant role in ?
they play a significant role in energy transfer and this molecule is essential to metabolism
what is meant by metabolism ?
all of the chemical reactions that take place in a cell
What is ATP compromised of / made up of ?
- adenine ( a nitrogenous base )
- a ribose sugar ( pentose sugar )
- 3 inorganic phosphate groups
what is meant by a nitrogenous base ?
a base containing nitrogen
draw the structure of ATP
from notes
why are the phosphate groups described as inorganic ?
because they do not contain any carbon atoms
what is the symbol in chemical equations for an inorganic phosphate ?
Pi
draw the shape of an ATP molecule
rectangle - pentagon - 3 circles
- notes
How is ATP made ?
ATP is made during respiration from ADP by the addition of an inorganic phosphate via a condensation reaction and using the enzyme ATP synthase
what is ADP is word form ?
adenosine diphosphate
How does ATP release energy ?
ATP can be hydrolysed into ADP + Pi using an enzyme called ATP hydrolase
what is the word equation for the hydrolysis of ATP ?
ATP + water —-> ADP + Pi (energy)
what happens when ATP is hydrolysed to release energy ?
by breaking 1 of the bonds between the inorganic phosphate groups in a hydrolysis reaction. It releases a small amount of energy to the surroundings which can be used in chemical reactions
because only 1 bond has to be hydrolysed to release energy, what does this give ATP the property of being ?
it allows ATP to be an immediate energy source
what can ATP also transfer energy to ?
ATP can also transfer energy to different compounds
how can ATP transfer energy to different compounds ?
the inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP can be bonded onto different compounds to make them more reactive
what is it called when you bond an inorganic phosphate to a different compound to make them more reactive ?
phosphorylation
when does phosphorylation occur in respiration ? and why ?
phosphorylation happens to glucose at the start of respiration to make it more reactive
