ATP

Question 1

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 1

Adenosine triphosphate.

Question 2

What must have a constant supply of ATP?

Answer 2

Metabolic reactions in cells.

Question 3

What do the 3 phosphate ions play a significant role in?

Answer 3

Energy transfer.

Question 4

What is ATP composed from?

Answer 4

Adenine, ribose and 3 inorganic phosphate groups.

Question 5

Why are the phosphates inorganic?

Answer 5

They don’t contain any carbon atoms.

Question 6

When is ATP made?

Answer 6

During respiration.

Question 7

What is ATP made from?

Answer 7

ADP and the addition of one phosphate.

Question 8

What reaction is ATP made via?

Answer 8

A condensation reaction.

Question 9

What enzyme is ATP made from?

Answer 9

ATP synthase.

Question 10

What is ATP hydrolysed into?

Answer 10

ADP and a phosphate molecule.

Question 11

What is the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP?

Answer 11

ATP + water -> ADP + Pi (energy)

Question 12

What happens during the hydrolysis of ATP?

Answer 12

One bond between the inorganic phosphates breaks and releases a small amount of energy.

Question 13

What is the hydrolysis of ATP used for in cells?

Answer 13

Provide energy for other reactions, and add a phosphate to other substances to make them more reactive (phosphorylation).

Question 14

What is phosphorylation?

Answer 14

The bonding of a phosphate group from ATP onto different compounds making them more reactive.

Question 15

What are the 5 key properties of ATP that make it a suitable energy source?

Answer 15

Releases energy in small, manageable amounts, it’s a small soluble molecule, only one bond has to be broken for energy release, it can transfer energy to another molecule, and it can’t pass out of the cell.

Question 16

Why does releasing a small manageable amount of energy make ATP a good energy source?

Answer 16

As cells don’t overheat from wasted heat energy and they are less likely to run out of resources.

Question 17

Why does ATP being a small soluble molecule make it a good energy source?

Answer 17

As it can be easily transported around a cell to provide energy for chemical reactions.

Question 18

What enzyme hydrolyses ATP?

Answer 18

ATP hydrolase.

Question 19

Why does only one bond being broken in the hydrolysis of ATP make it a good energy source?

Answer 19

As energy is made immediately.

Question 20

Why does phosphorylation make ATP a good energy source?

Answer 20

As it makes other compounds more reactive.

Question 21

Why does ATP not being able to pass out a cell make it a good energy source?

Answer 21

As cells will always have a constant supply of immediate energy.

Question 22

What does glucose have in common with ATP?

Answer 22

It is a small, soluble molecule that can be easily transported around a cell.

Question 23

What contrast properties does glucose have compared to ATP?

Answer 23

It releases large amounts of energy, Needs several bonds to be broken for energy to be released, cannot transfer energy to other molecules as it does not have any phosphate groups, and it can pass out the cell.