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atoms compounds etc Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what kind of electrons are shared between elements in a compound

A

valance electrons

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2
Q

can you tell how many valence electrons a compound has

A

by their group number

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3
Q

what are diatomic elements

A

elements found in nature combine covalently

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4
Q

valence electrons are____to another Adam in the compound

A

transferred

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5
Q

when an Adam loses a proton it becomes what

A

electrical charge

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6
Q

when an Adam loses an electron what kind of charge is it

A

positive

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7
Q

what is an ion

A

an atom with one less electron are proton

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8
Q

what’s an atom

A

a positively charged core surrounded by a negatively charged region

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9
Q

what’s an electron

A

a negatively charged mass that surrounds a nucleus

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10
Q

what’s a proton

A

positively charged and make up the nucleus

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11
Q

what’s a neutron

A

no charge and make up nucleus along with the proton

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12
Q

what’s an element

A

a sustance made of atoms of the same # of protons

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13
Q

compound

A

a substance made of 2 or more elements

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14
Q

what’s an acid

A

any compound that produces hydrogen ions in a solution

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15
Q

what’s a base

A

any compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution

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16
Q

when does neutralization occur

A

this occurs when hydrogen ions from the acid combined with hydroxide ions from the base to form water

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17
Q

how do you neutralize a base

A

with

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18
Q

how do you neutralize the acid

A

with a base

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19
Q

acids and bases are said to be caustic what is this mean

A

this means they can damage both living and nonliving materials

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20
Q

what is pH

A

A our unit of measure that indicates h+ concentration

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21
Q

when does an indicator change color

A

where in pH goes above or beyond a certain value

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22
Q

what is 0 to 6 on the pH scale

A

and acid

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23
Q

what is 8 to 14 on the pH scale

A

A base

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24
Q

what is neutral on the pH scale

A

seven (water)

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25
Q

in order to be stable atoms must have their outer ring what

A

filled

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26
Q

what are organic compounds

A

come home to continue the element carbon

27
Q

most organic compounds contain what

A

hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen

28
Q

what is an inorganic compound

A

any compound that is not organic and doesn’t contain carbon

29
Q

what are the exceptions to the rule of inorganic compounds

A

CO2 diamond

30
Q

how much of your body is water

A

65%

31
Q

why is water pouring

A

because many metabolic processes need water to occur

32
Q

water molecules to together because of what

A

polarity and hydrogen bonds

33
Q

electrons or put more closely to what kind of Adam

A

oxygen

34
Q

what’s cohesion

A

The force of attraction between molecules of the same substance

35
Q

when does it occur

A

when the formation of the polar molecule has a positive charge and one and a negative charge on the other

36
Q

what’s. adhesion

A

attraction between the molecules of different substances

37
Q

what’s capillory action

A

water can rise up or do to both adhesion and cohesion

38
Q

enzymes are typically which type of biomolecule

A

protein

39
Q

what’s the variables that affect enzyme function

A

temperature and pH

40
Q

what’s the function of monosaccharides in our bodies

A

provides

41
Q

what’s the function of polysaccharides in our body

A

reserves energy

42
Q

what are the products of hydrolysis reaction

A

Glucose and fructose

43
Q

what are the reactants of the dehydration synthesis reaction

A

glucose glucose

44
Q

what are polysaccharides

A

3 or more monosaccharides

45
Q

List the three types of carbs

A

monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides

46
Q

what is the difference between a monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides

A

Mono has single sugar, di has two sugars, and Polly has theee more sugars

47
Q

what is a biomolecules

A

molecule that contains carbon

48
Q

what is the ratio of elements and carbs

A

1:2:1

49
Q

what are two examples of simple sugars

A

glucose and sucrose

50
Q

provide another name for starch

A

polysaccharide

51
Q

identify the two functions of enzymes

A

breakdown substances and synthesize products

52
Q

explain denaturization

A

enzymes lose their shape at high temperature

53
Q

two examples of nucleic acid

A

DNA and RNA

54
Q

what is ATP

A

Energy

55
Q

what makes carbon so unique

A

it to make for bond because it only has four valence electrons

56
Q

what three facts about elements can be derived from the periodic table

A

atomic number, atomic mass, and chemical symbol

57
Q

what is the purpose of assigning a symbol to represent each element

A

shorten her name

58
Q

what does the atomic number of an element resent

A

Number of protons and electrons

59
Q

what is the octet rule

A

States that element to gain or lose electrons in order to be full

60
Q

what does alkalinity mean

A

Basic

61
Q

what do you buffers due to acids in the body

A

neutralize them

62
Q

what do you acidic and basic conditions occur due to

A

metabolic reactions

63
Q

what is a hydroxide atom

A

-0H ion

64
Q

what is a hydrogen Ion

A

H+ ion

Biology (10 decks)

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