atoms compounds etc Flashcards
what kind of electrons are shared between elements in a compound
valance electrons
can you tell how many valence electrons a compound has
by their group number
what are diatomic elements
elements found in nature combine covalently
valence electrons are____to another Adam in the compound
transferred
when an Adam loses a proton it becomes what
electrical charge
when an Adam loses an electron what kind of charge is it
positive
what is an ion
an atom with one less electron are proton
what’s an atom
a positively charged core surrounded by a negatively charged region
what’s an electron
a negatively charged mass that surrounds a nucleus
what’s a proton
positively charged and make up the nucleus
what’s a neutron
no charge and make up nucleus along with the proton
what’s an element
a sustance made of atoms of the same # of protons
compound
a substance made of 2 or more elements
what’s an acid
any compound that produces hydrogen ions in a solution
what’s a base
any compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution
when does neutralization occur
this occurs when hydrogen ions from the acid combined with hydroxide ions from the base to form water
how do you neutralize a base
with
how do you neutralize the acid
with a base
acids and bases are said to be caustic what is this mean
this means they can damage both living and nonliving materials
what is pH
A our unit of measure that indicates h+ concentration
when does an indicator change color
where in pH goes above or beyond a certain value
what is 0 to 6 on the pH scale
and acid
what is 8 to 14 on the pH scale
A base
what is neutral on the pH scale
seven (water)
in order to be stable atoms must have their outer ring what
filled
what are organic compounds
come home to continue the element carbon
most organic compounds contain what
hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen
what is an inorganic compound
any compound that is not organic and doesn’t contain carbon
what are the exceptions to the rule of inorganic compounds
CO2 diamond
how much of your body is water
65%
why is water pouring
because many metabolic processes need water to occur
water molecules to together because of what
polarity and hydrogen bonds
electrons or put more closely to what kind of Adam
oxygen
what’s cohesion
The force of attraction between molecules of the same substance
when does it occur
when the formation of the polar molecule has a positive charge and one and a negative charge on the other
what’s. adhesion
attraction between the molecules of different substances
what’s capillory action
water can rise up or do to both adhesion and cohesion
enzymes are typically which type of biomolecule
protein
what’s the variables that affect enzyme function
temperature and pH
what’s the function of monosaccharides in our bodies
provides
what’s the function of polysaccharides in our body
reserves energy
what are the products of hydrolysis reaction
Glucose and fructose
what are the reactants of the dehydration synthesis reaction
glucose glucose
what are polysaccharides
3 or more monosaccharides
List the three types of carbs
monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides
what is the difference between a monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides
Mono has single sugar, di has two sugars, and Polly has theee more sugars
what is a biomolecules
molecule that contains carbon
what is the ratio of elements and carbs
1:2:1
what are two examples of simple sugars
glucose and sucrose
provide another name for starch
polysaccharide
identify the two functions of enzymes
breakdown substances and synthesize products
explain denaturization
enzymes lose their shape at high temperature
two examples of nucleic acid
DNA and RNA
what is ATP
Energy
what makes carbon so unique
it to make for bond because it only has four valence electrons
what three facts about elements can be derived from the periodic table
atomic number, atomic mass, and chemical symbol
what is the purpose of assigning a symbol to represent each element
shorten her name
what does the atomic number of an element resent
Number of protons and electrons
what is the octet rule
States that element to gain or lose electrons in order to be full
what does alkalinity mean
Basic
what do you buffers due to acids in the body
neutralize them
what do you acidic and basic conditions occur due to
metabolic reactions
what is a hydroxide atom
-0H ion
what is a hydrogen Ion
H+ ion
