Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chem30S > Atoms & Compounds > Flashcards

Atoms & Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Goals of alchemists

A

Transmutation and panacea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is transmutation

A

Turning things into gold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is panacea

A

The elixir of life [healing and longevity]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Goals of Science/ Chemistry

A

Knowledge and truth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Difference between methods of alchemy and science

A

Alchemy’s methods are random and the variables are uncontrolled. They use philosophical principles and systems, to describe, explain, and predict the future. Science’s method is systematic and the variables are systematically controlled. They use the scientific process with math, to find patterns {using graphs & formulas}. to describe, explain, and predict the future.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Findings of Alchemy

A

Kept top secret, passed on to apprentices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Findings of Science

A

Published and peer reviewed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Beliefs of alchemy

A

Believed matter to be infinitely divisible
Believed in magic
Things can become more than the sum of their parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Beliefs of science

A

Believe matter to be discrete.
Believe in atoms
Don’t believe in any magic
All things have a physical cause and effect involving a conservation of matter and energy. Things are the sum of their parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Scope of alchemy

A

Holistic: Integrating the material, psychological, and spiritual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Scope of science

A

Specific: Focused on the material (the physical ad chemical aspects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Steps of how a mass spectrometer works:

A
  1. The sample is heated until it becomes a gas (vaporized)
  2. The gas is then ionized.
  3. The ions are shot through a slit through a magnetic field.
  4. The magnetic field exerts a force on those ions causing them to deflect (bend)
  5. The ions with the least mass are deflected the most, the ions with the most mass are deflected the least. Thus the magnetic field creates a spectrum of the various masses.
  6. A computer counts how many ions land on each part of the screen and determines how many percent abundance.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a mass spectrometer used for?

A

Used to find cell abundance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What interacts in ionic bonds?

A

Metal and non-metal atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What interacts in covalent bonds?

A

Non-metal and non-metal atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens to atoms in ionic bonds?

A

Atoms become ions that form crystalline lattices when solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens to atoms in covalent bonds?

A

Atoms form molecules that stay together regardless of phase. Molecules may also form crystals (like sugar).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Naming for ionic bonds?

A

Naming may involve the classical or the Stock system and polyatomic ions such as oxy anions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Naming for covalent bonds?

A

Naming may include Greek prefixes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When did Atomic Theory begin?

A

In 440 BC with Democritus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who believed in atoms?

A

Democritus. He believed that everything was made up of building blocks (atomos) meaning ‘indestructible’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Aristotle

A

350 BC disagreed with Democritus.
Believed things could be infinitely divisible.
Things are made up of 4 elements - earth, wind, fire, and water

23
Q

Philosopher’s Stone

A

Could transmute a material into another, even gold

24
Q

Year of John Dalton

25
Who came up with first Atomic Theory and what is it?
John Dalton: 1. Each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms 2. The atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are differing in some fundamental way or ways. 3. Chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms. 4. Chemical reactions involve the reorganization of atoms - changes in the way they are bound together. The atoms themselves are not changed in a chemical reaction.
26
Who created the Plum Pudding Model?
J J Thomson - 1897
27
Who discovered the nucleus?
Ernest Rutherford - 1909. It was positive
28
What did Rutherford do?
Experiment with alpha particles
29
Neils Bohr
1912 Discovered electrons travel in levels of energy and they don't orbit randomly. Energy Level Model
30
Who discovered the neutron?
James Chanwick - 1932
31
James Chanwick
1932 Electrons orbit the nucleus become opposites attract. Nucleus stayed together because neutrons. For every proton there was a neutron that separated it from another proton.
32
The current modern periodic table ______
The current modern periodic table is organized using quantum mechanics.
33
The subatomic particles and what they are broken down into
Protons and neutrons can be broken down into quarks. Electrons can be broken down into leptons.
34
An isotope ____
An isotope has the same atomic number (protons) but a different number of neutrons.
35
Roman numerals
1: I 2: II 3: III 4: IV 5: V 6: VI 7: VII 8: VIII 9: IX 10: X 50: L 100: C 1000: M
36
Fact about covalent bonds
No such thing as quad bond
37
DNA?
It is covalent bonded
38
Ic and Ous
-ous (lesser) -ic (larger)
39
What is a binary compound?
There are 2 or more elements
40
Ite and ate
If 'ite' is # then 'ate' is +1
41
What does radioactive mean?
- it does not glow green - the nucleus is unstable - the unstable nucleus will eventually break apart - when it breaks apart it releases a powerful energy
42
Chemical properties
The chemical properties are similar for the elements in the same vertical column or family
43
The diatomic elements
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer ``` Hydrogen Nitrogen Fluorine Oxygen Iodine Chlorine Bromine ```
44
The prefixes
``` Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca ```
45
Ammonia
NH3
46
Ammonium
NH4
47
Methane
CH4
48
Butane
C4H10
49
Radioactive means:
- The nucleus is unstable - The unstable nucleus will eventually break apart - When it breaks apart it releases powerful energy
50
Binary compound
Binary compound involves two elements, not two atoms!
51
Naming binary compounds:
All binary compounds will have an "-ide" suffix ending
52
Oxyanions:
Oxyanions are polyatomic ions that contain oxygen atoms, and have an overall negative charge
53
A hydrate:
A hydrate is an ionic compound, in solid crystalline form, that has water incorporated into its lattice

Chem30S (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions