Atoms and things Flashcards
What is of an atom?
They contain Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
What is a proton? Where is located in an atom? How much does a proton weigh?
Has a positive charge
located in the Nucleus
Mass is 1 AMU (atomic mass units)
What is a neutron? What kind of charge? Where is it located in an atom? how much does it weigh?
Neutral charge
located in nucleus
weights 1 AMU
What is an electron? What size? Where is it located in the atom? How much does it weigh?
- Negative charge
- much smaller
- orbits outside of the nucleus (called shell or valences)
- Mass is about 1/1836th of an AMU
When counting the mass of an atom, what is important to know?
Since Protons and Neutrons weigh 1 AMU, they are easy to count. Just count them up. DO NOT COUNT Electrons because they practically weigh nothing.
What is a balanced atom?
it has the same # of protons and electrons (negative and positive)
An atom with an imbalanced charge is called what?
an ion.
What are ions?
They have electrons, and can either be positive or negative (either have more protons- positively charged ion or electrons, negatively charged ion)
What is an Isotope?
If an atom has a different number of neutrons than its normal amount, then the atom is called an Isotope. each element has a set number of neutrons, often the same as its number of protons.
-contains bigger particles then Ions. Isotopes have the bigger particles, neutrons, electrons. tiny= ions.
protons + neutrons = what?
Atomic mass in AMU’s
What is the Atomic Number? What does it define?
Number of protons a particular type of atom has. The atomic number defines the TYPE of element.
What holds electrons, protons, neutrons?
changing number of electrons = ions
changing number of neurons = isotope
But if you change the type of proton, you have a whole new element.
When you change protons…
EVERYTHING CHANGES! ex: if you add a proton to Helium, now you have lithium. you take away from Helium instead, you have Hydrogen.
