Atoms and atomic structure Flashcards
1
Q
describe shells, subshells and orbitals
A
shells = principle energy levels subshells = spdf orbitals = within subshells, contain 2 electrons
2
Q
how many electrons in a shell
A
2n^2
3
Q
exceptions?
A
chromium: 3d5 4s1
copper: 3d10 4s1
4
Q
how do you figure out resonance structures?
A
individual atoms must have lowest formal charge AND sum must be the same.
5
Q
describe resonance structures
A
when there is more than one way to minimise formal charge. In reality, electrons are delocalised between atoms and all bonds involved are the same length.
6
Q
trigonal planar molecular geometries?
A
trigonal planar and bent. (120*)
7
Q
tetrahedral molecular geometries?
A
tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent (109.5*)
8
Q
describe valence shell electron pair repulsion model
A
valence electron pairs are situated as far away from each other as possibe
