Atoms Flashcards
Anion
NEGATIVELY charged ion
Electron shell
Layer that surrounds nucleus & can hold certain # of electrons
Cation
POSITIVELY charged ion
Ionic bond
Bond between anions & cations due to electrostatic attraction of their opp charges
Ionic compound
Compound made up of anions and cations
Alpha decay
Nuclear RXN where nucleus ejects alpha P
Alpha radiation
Ionising radiation made up of alpha particles
Beta decay
Nuclear reaction where beta P ejected from nucleus & N converts into P increasing atomic # by 1
Beta radiation
Nuclear radiation made up of beta particles
Carbon dating
Analysing amount of C-14 in fossil to determine age
Electromagnetic radiation
Radiation that travels through a vacuum as waves
Gamma decay
Nuclear decay that involved release of gamma rays
Gamma rays
High-E electromagnetic wave
Gamma radiation
Form of ionising radiation made up of gamma rays
Ionising radiation
Form of radiation that has ability to ionise atoms & molecules
Mutation
R Damages DNA (contains all genetic into) of a cell, causes change to how it works & reproduces, reprograms –> cancer
Nuclear decay
When nucleus undergoes nuclear RNX & emits radiation
Nuclear radiation
Rays or particles that emitted by nucleus during nuclear RNX
Nuclear reaction
Process that causes nucleus to change
Radiation burns
Redness & blistering on surface of skin or organs cause by short exposure to large amount of ionising R
Radiation sickness
From large dose of ionising R over long period of time , cell death; nausea, vomiting & fever
Radioactive
Emitting radiation
Radioisotope
Isotope with nucleus that may undergo nuclear RNX
Transmutation
Nuclear RNX process that converts 1 type of atom into diff type
Unstable nuclei
Nuclei that may undergo nuclear RNX at any moment
Fission
Nuclear RNX where large nucleus splits into 2 nuclei with similar mass
Use of R
Sterilisation
Radiotherapy
Tracer
Smoke detector
