Atoms Flashcards
What are atoms made of?
Three subatomic particles - protons, neutrons, and electons.
What are the properties of a proton?
Heavy and positively charged.
What are the properties of a neutron?
Heavy and neutral.
What are the properties of an electron?
Hardly and mass and negatively charged.
What is the relative mass and charge of a proton?
Relative Mass: 1
Relative Charge: +1
What is the location of a proton?
Nucleus.
What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?
Relative Mass: 1
Relative Charge: 0
What is the location of a neutron?
Nucleus.
What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?
Relative Mass: virtually 0
Relative Charge: -1
What is the location of an electron?
Energy levels - spins around atom.
What does the nucleus contain and where is it?
It’s in the middle of the atom, it contains protons and neutrons
What is the charge of a nucleus?
Positively charged via protons.
Where is almost all mass concentrated in an atom?
The nucleus.
How big is an electron?
Tiny, however their orbit around an atom can take a lot of space.
What determines the size of an atom?
The size of the orbit of the electron.
What is the charge of an atom?
Neutral - they have no overall charge because they have an equal number of protons and electrons. (except ions)
What charges are the same but opposite?
The charge on an electron is the same as on a proton, but opposite so they cancel out.
Why are ions charged?
The number of protons don’t equal the number of electrons in an ion, therefore there is an overall charge.
What does an ion with a 2- charge mean?
It has 2 more protons.
In nuclide notation, what is the number at the top left?
The mass number.
In nuclide notation, what is the number at the bottom left?
Atomic number.
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number is how many protons, and every atom of an element has the same number of protons.
How does the atomic number equal the amount of electrons in a neutral atom?
As atomic number = proton no. and in a neutral atom there is the same amount of electrons and protons.
What is the mass number?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
Take away atomic no. from mass number?
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are different forms of the same element, which have same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons.
What number do isotopes have the same as other versions?
The same atomic number, but different mass numbers.
