Atomic Theory

Question 1

Democritus

Answer 1

• Everything composed of atoms that are physically indivisible
• Always moving

Question 2

Dalton

Answer 2

• Combines info to make sphere model
• Atoms can’t be created/destroyed

Question 3

Thomson

Answer 3

• Discovered e
• Pudding model

Question 4

Rutherford

Answer 4

Nucleus w/protons, neutrons

Question 5

Bohr

Answer 5

• NRG lvls
• Quantum levels

Question 6

Orbits

Answer 6

Circles around nucleus

Question 7

Quanta

Answer 7

Unit/packet of NRG

Question 8

Schrodinger Wave eqn

Answer 8

e is circular standing wave around nucleus

Question 9

Orbital

Answer 9

Probable area around nucleus e is found

Question 10

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

Answer 10

Impossible to know exact position and speed of e

Question 11

Quantum Mechanical Model

Answer 11

• e can be in diff orbitals from quantas of nrg
• e is a probability distribution

Question 12

Quantum Numbers

Answer 12

Desc quantum mechanical properties of orbitals

Question 13

Principal quantum number

Answer 13

• n
• desc size, nrg of orbital
• each orbital gets larger, not equally spaced

Question 14

Secondary quantum number

Answer 14

• l
• subshells
• desc shape of atomic orbital
• 0 to n - 1

Question 15

s

Answer 15

• n = 1
• l = 0
• sharp

Question 16

p

Answer 16

• n = 2
• l = 1
• principal

Question 17

d

Answer 17

• n = 3
• l = 2
• diffuse

Question 18

f

Answer 18

• n = 4
• l = 3
• fundamental

Question 19

Magnetic quantum number

Answer 19

• ml
• desc oritentation of atomic orbitals relative to other orbitals
• -l, 0, +l

Question 20

Nodes

Answer 20

areas of 0 probability of e-

Question 21

s orbitals shape

Answer 21

Spherical shapes

Question 22

p orbitals shape

Answer 22

• Lobes separated by nodes at nucleus
• multiple axis

Question 23

d orbitals

Answer 23

• 4 lobes around the centre
• 5th has two lobes + donuts

Question 24

Spin quantum number

Answer 24

• ms
• +1/2, - 1/2
• 1 spins up, 1 spins down

Question 25

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 25

No 2 e in same atom can have same quantum #

Question 26

Aufbau Principle

Answer 26

e are added to lowest orbitals first

Question 27

Hund’s Rule

Answer 27

• e are distributed equally in orbitals
• no pairing happens until all spots are full

Question 28

Valence of Metals are dependent on

Answer 28

s and d values

Question 29

Valence of Nonmetals are dependent on

Answer 29

s and p values